615
PEDIATRIE341804001074588147168222260309330374
PRO736804001074591154
PRAXI911804001074692148201221
/11788040010732
Pediatr.1255804001074587137156196223250262
praxi.1537804001075077118158177193
2025;26(2):98-1031750804001074487128172185229272295338360375419463492530570612
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www.pediatriepropraxi.cz46818040010765133201214264309359378418445472491535585612659709736777817836852893931
981838020012657115
PŘEHLEDOVÉ341200012660124182256312369444520587645
ČLÁNKY1008200012660115187259327395
Astma34136001063872104158198
u555360010639
dětí61036001063769102120
–746360010645
diagnostika,8073600106375595132174214247280297333375392
farmakoterapie121336001062967102157198233272302335370412447464496
a1724360010638
inhalační17783600106155697137168210243285302
technika20963600106306297138179196232274
Astma3409200298157262349555680
u10699200298140
dětí12579200298143268356422
–17289200298120
diagnostika,189692002981432073324716107468489351000112812551317
farmakoterapie3261920029882207296500625753887974109911891313145415191643
a34011800298127
inhalační5151180029866205343468532657763903967
technika15301180029888213321461599663791917
MUDr.3401580013793168245287310
Viktor6721580013770101160203267308
Kašák10031580013767125173232291
Oddělení3401740013376139200255281336397422
respiračních785174001333690133195220256309357418442491551
nemocí,13591740013362117208268318343365
LERYMED17471740013352105163221308362434
spol.22041740013344105166192215
s24421740013344
r.2509174001333653
o.,2576174001336182105
Praha2704174001335993146206259
Výskyt3402250012155101138183231265
průduškového620225001215687140194247284328380425472525578
astmatu1213225001214784116196242273326
(asthma1554225001212870107139192273319
bronchiale,1887225001215687140193236289310356378426444
dále23462250012155101123171
jen2532225001212472125
astma)2672225001214784116197243267
v29542250012147
dětském30162250012155103135173217264345
věku3376225001214794139192
trvale3583225001213263112158180228
v3402390012148
posledních4052390012156111150172222278333355399453
dekádách8752390012156105152200256303347401
v12932390012148
ekonomicky1357239001215097150204259341364408453503
vyspělých1876239001214898137192243266312355410
zemích,2302239001214392175197241295315
kam2634239001214695177
se2828239001213989
řadí2933239001213381136159
i31092390012123
Česká31492390012157105144190238
republika,3404239001213281137192248271294339388408
narůstá.3402530012155103135190228261310330
Astma6872530012161101135217265
je969253001212474
nejčastější10602530012155105129173221259293341364403425
chronickou1502253001214599131185240263307353406461
respirační1980253001213382121177200232280324378401
chorobou2398253001214599154186240297352407
dětského28222530012156106139179224273328383
věku.3222253001214896143197218
Pokud34572530012153106152207263
je3737253001212474
diagnóza340267001215577123177230283323371
stanovena726267001213971118171224269316370416
včas1157267001214789135173
a13452670012147
je1408267001212472
včas1495267001214889136173
zahájena1683267001214290143189211260313359
účinná2058267001215497118171224270
farmakoterapie,2344267001212875106187233278329361408439485540562610629
jejímž298826700121247295116197238
základem3241267001214290135158204259307388
jsou3644267001212461114167
inhalačními340281001212378133180203251295350372455478
kortikosteroidy,8382810012147100133168191237290329362411443497520576623639
a14972810012148
to1566281001213386
bez16732810012157107150
ohledu18432810012155111134184240294
na21582810012155103
věk2281281001214897143
či2445281001214567
fenotypy2532281001213079134189221271328374
astmatu,2926281001214887120203251283337357
je3304281001212474
ve3398281001214897
většině3515281001214897130170192247297
dosaženo3402950012155108146193234282336389
plné744295001215678131180
kontroly939295001214698152182213266288334
astmatu.1288295001214785117197244274327347
V16502950012155
podávání17202950012156110165211256302355377
antiastmatik21122950012148101131153199236268349395426447492
je2619295001212473
preferována2707295001215687135163211242295340387440486
inhalační3208295001212376130176197243286339361
cesta,3584295001214491129161208228
která340309001214681129160207
je563309001212473
účinná,652309001215498120173227273293
bezpečná,9613090012156106148203253297351397417
ale1394309001214870119
náročná15293090012154101132185229283329
na18743090012155101
výběr1991309001214897153202234
správného2241309001213994126173218272321375429
inhalačního2686309001212377130177199246289342364420473
systému,3175309001213986124157205286339359
nácvik35503090012155101145194216261
správné340323001214096128176222278328
inhalační688323001212378133180203251295349372
techniky1080323001213382127182237259305355
a14553230012148
na15243230012155103
monitorování16473230012183138193216248302334388435483537560
správné2227323001214096128176222278328
inhalační2575323001212478133181204251295350372
techniky.2968323001213381127181236258304354370
Klíčová340339001246088114158214264315
slova:671339001244269125176227251
astma,939340001214785117198245265
diagnostika1220340001215577123178231284322355377422469
astmatu,1705340001214885118199245276329349
farmakoterapie2070340001212976107189235280332364411443490545567616
astmatu,2702340001214785117198245276329349
inhalační3067340001212376130176198245288341363
technika.3446340001213380124178231253298346366
Asthma3403670012466110147207293347
in707367001242786
children8133670012445105132160220259312372
–12053670012450
diagnostics,1275367001246087141199258316360397425471515542
pharmacotherapy18383670012459119172210296349394452489549602641694754805
and26633670012453112172
inhalation2855367001242786145198226279316344402461
technique3336367001243790136195254282342401454
The3403850012150106157
incidence515385001212378123146203253309354403
of936385001215584
asthma1038385001214887121176259308
in1364385001212378
childhood1461385001214499123146202258313368426
has19053850012155103142
been20663850012156108159214
steadily2298385001214074123171228251274322
increasing2638385001212379124156206254293316371427
in3083385001212479
recent3180385001213383128177233265
decades34633850012157107153202258308348
in340399001212379
economically447399001215096150205261344368412461485508555
developed10303990012157107155204228283341392449
countries,1507399001214599154210242275298349388409
including1945399001212378123147201258281337393
the2366399001213388139
Czech25333990012158103153199254
Republic.28153990012154104162217274298321366387
Asthma32313990012161102136191274322
is3582399001212362
the3672399001213388139
most3404130012183138177211
common568413001214598182264319375
chronic9604130012145100132186242264309
respiratory1286413001213383122178201234282314368400451
disease1754413001215679118168216255305
of2076413001215584
childhood.2178413001214499122145201256311366423444
If2640413001212453
the2711413001213387138
diagnosis2866413001215779127183238293332354393
is3277413001212361
made33564130012183131187237
early3611413001215098130153201
and3404270012148103160
effective518427001215080112163208244267315364
pharmacotherapy9004270012157113161193277325370424456512562595643700747
based16654270012156105144195252
on19354270012155111
inhaled2064427001212378134182205255313
corticosteroids2395427001214498131167190235288328361411443498521578617
is3030427001212362
initiated3110427001212379102135158206238287345
on34734270012155110
time,3601427001213356140190210
regardless340441001213281137185217272295344383422
of779441001215483
age8794410012148103152
or1049441001215486
asthma1153441001214786119173255303
phenotypes,14734410012156111161216270302351408459497518
full2008441001212984107130
asthma2155441001214886119173256303
control2475441001214597152184216270293
is2785441001212462
achieved2864441001214892146168218265313369
in3251441001212377
most33454410012183137176209
cases.3572441001214492130180219240
The3404550012149105155
inhalation512455001212478133180203251283305360415
route944455001213386141174222
is1184455001212361
preferred1263455001215689138167217249282331387
in1668455001212378
the1763455001213388137
administration19184550012148104186209263286324358390438470492547602
of2537455001215583
antiasthmatic,26384550012147102134157204242276330412460492515559579
which32354550012173128151195249
is3502455001212361
effective,3581455001214979111160205340469001213356104154173
safe,538469001214089118168188
but7504690012157113146
demanding9214690012156106190238293350373428484
in1430469001212379
terms1533469001213382115199238
of1796469001215484
choosing19044690012145100155211250273328384
the2313469001213388139
right2476469001213356112168200
inhalation2701469001212378134182205253285308363419
system,3145469001213988127161210294314
training3484469001213366114137193216271327
the340483001213388139
correct500483001214598131164214260295
inhalation816483001212479134182206254286309364420
technique1257483001213382128183238261318372423
and17014830012148103160
monitoring18824830012184139194217251305337361416472
the2376483001213388138
correct2535483001214599132165215260296
inhalation2852483001212378134182205253286309364419
technique.3293483001213382128183238261317372422442
Key3404990012461113164
words:5274990012476133171231275301
asthma,852500001214887121176259307328
diagnostics1204500001215680127183239294333367390435475
of1703500001215584
asthma,1810500001214988121177260308329
pharmacotherapy21625000012157113161194277325370424457512562595644700747
of2932500001215584
asthma,3040500001214887121176259307328
inhalation3392500001212378134182205253286309364419
technique.340514001213382128183238261318372423443
Úvod3405630014780142208279
Problematika480580001094876125176198243318361390411453497
diagnózy993580001095071114164213263300345
a13545800010943
léčby1413580001092166107157199
průduškového1628580001095180130181230264306355340594001094286135183
astmatu538594001094277106179222250298
(asthma85159400109256599129177250292
bronchiale,1158594001095079127176216264284326347391408
dále1581594001095092112157
jen1752594001092266115
astma)18825940010942761063406080010975119142
u5066080010949
dětí578608001095197127148
je749608001092268
psána840608001095187132182225
prizmatem1088608001095282103142218261291336411
pneumologa15226080010952102148198273323345395447490
v3406220010943
terénní402622001092974104149200250271
ambulanci,6916220010944119170221242286336376398416
který1126622001094275119149195
pečuje1339622001095198139189210256
především1613622001095282127179224267303324399
o3406360010949
dospělé4056360010950100135186232254299
pacienty.720636001095195135156201251280325340
Na10766360010958102
Oddělení11946360010962113164209231276326347
respiračních1557636001092974110160182211255295345365406455
nemocí340650001095096171221263284
LERYMED645650001094286134182254299359
spol.1025650001093586137159178
s12246500010936
r.1280650001093045
o.,133665000109506887
se1444650001093682
o15466500010950
dětské1617650001095096126163205250
pacienty1888650001095195340664001094061107157187232
s5966640010936
astmatem655664001094479110185229259303379
od10586640010949101
věku1183664001094388130181
313886640010946
let145866400109216697
starám1579664001093566111140184259
více1862664001094465106150
než340678001095096135
30494678001094692
let.60567800109226798117
Odhadovaná4806920010964120174221276330377425479526
prevalence1057692001095286135182229254303358402450
astmatu1558692001094584118198245278332
je1941692001092271
v3407060010944
České410706001095499136179225
republice661706001093077130181234257279320366
(ČR)1053706001092677126152
812327060010947
%,1291706001097293
dispenzarizační1411706001095173109162209261301348378400440487528580601
prevalence,340720001095385132177224247294347390437457
tj.82872000109315374
součet933720001093789142185231264
dispenzarizovaných1228720001095275112166214267308356387410451503548594647690732784
osob340734001095189142196
v5717340010945
ambulancích6517340010945123178231254300353396419462514
pneumologů12007340010953106155208286339363416470522
a17577340010945
alergologů,18377340010945681161483407480010951102124175227278297
byla663748001095295118162
v8517480010944
roce921748001093080122168
20241115748001094693138182
dle1323748001095274120
statistiky1469748001093668113143165201232254297343
ÚZIS18387480010959108129175
530340762001094690136
000488762001094694142
osob.655762001094985135187205
Z8857620010950
toho960762001093079130180
je1165762001092267
601258762001094693
%13627620010972
pacientů1459762001095195136157203253283332
s18167620010936
astmatem18777620010944791103407760010974117146191265
dispenzarizováno621776001095071105156202251290334363384423471514557606656
u12927760010949
alergologů1357776001094364109138188237259308359407
a17807760010943
401838776001094693
%19427760010970
u21405660010950
pneumologů,22175660010952104151202279330353404457507527
což2771566001094190130
je2927566001092269
v30235660010944
ČR30935660010953102
již322256600109224484
dlouhodobý3332566001095274125176228279332383436479
trend.2140580001093060105156208227
Avšak2393580001095697133178221
odhaduje26395800010950102153197248298320366
se,3031580001093682101
že3157580001093985
zhruba3267580001093990120170222267
třetina3559580001093060106136158208252
osob2140594001094985135187
je2347594001092268
vykazována2435594001094389132177216266309353403447
současně2902594001093586136176221256306352
oběma32745940010949101148223267
těmito3561594001093074150171201250
odbornostmi.2140608001094899148198226275324358388461481499
Odhadovaná26546080010961111160202252300342384433475
prevalence3144608001095079122164207227271320360403
astmatu35616080010943771071802222140622001093079
v22346220010943
dětské2293622001095095125161203246
populaci,25556220010951101152202223266306326345
tj.291562200109305169
do30006220010950100
183115622001094687
let321862200109216696
věku,3329622001094387129179198
je3542622001092267
123624622001094686
%.3721622001097090
Základní2280636001094993135158201252301322
světové2618636001093579123153201244288
doporučení2922636001095099151201230280320364414435
pro3373636001095080129
diagnózu,35186360010950711141642142632140650001093990110
léčbu2276650001092269111164215
a25186500010944
prevenci2588650001095283129174219271313335
astmatu,2949650001094481112189234265316335
která3311650001094376122153198
vydává3535650001094491143188231276
každoročně2140664001094391133187239272324368421469
Globální2647664001095984137191238262315338
inciativa3022664001092275118141187219242289336
pro3395664001095385137
astma3570664001094583116195241
(GINA),2140678001092685108170227254272
dělí2439678001095299122144
dětský26106780010952100131170214261
věk2898678001094491135
na3060678001095197
0–53183678001094898145
let,3355678001092270101122
6–113504678001094798140180
let3711678001092169101
a21406920010943
na2202692001095093
děti2314692001095196127148
a24806920010943
adolescenty2542692001094395145167212248289334384414459
starší3019692001093667111141177198
123236692001094686
let334069200109226798
(1).345669200109266888105
Zde35796920010950100146
je3743692001092268
doporučení2140706001095099150200229278318361411431
identické2587706001092071115165194214254295339
již294170600109214280
s30367060010936
diagnózou3087706001095070113163212261298347396
a34987060010943
léčbou3556706001092166106156206255
pro2140720001095181131
dospělé.22957200010951101136188234256302320
Evropská2639720001094587118167219255297342
respirační3005720001092975111162183213257298348369
společnost3398720001093687138160205247297347382413
(ERS)2140734001092567114158182
vydala2337734001094387136179199241
v25937340010943
r.2651734001092943
20212709734001094589132173
doporučení2897734001095099149198227276316359408428
pro3340734001095079127
klinickou348273400109426484132153192233280329
praxi2140748001095181125167189
pro2345748001095181130
děti2491748001095096126147
s26547480010935
astmatem2705748001094379109184228257301377
ve3098748001094387
věku3201748001094387130180
5–163397748001094692133175
let358874800109216797
(2).370174800109257093110
Český2140762001095195130171216
doporučený2371762001095099149199228277317361410450
postup28377620010950100135165213264
pro3116762001095079128
diagnózu3259762001095070113163212261298347
a36217620010942
léčbu36797620010921651062140776001095099
astmatu2253776001094277106179221250298
vydaný2565776001094287136178226266
společně2845776001093584133154198238287331
Českou3190776001095194128169216265
pneumoDECLARATIONS:34697760010950991431912653134068226008648871301662142563043393604124625014570227008514
Declaration406824000874987120141179206244271291333375
of445724000874066
originality:45372400087406888130150192230251271298337356
The406825100853473109
manuscript418825100855891130168195227249266306329
is452825100851744
original45832510085386178117133172205222
and481625100853472112
has49392510085387299
not50502510085387699
been516125100853975110149
published532225100853977117134150177216251291
or406826200853862
submitted414526200852867108167184208234269310
elsewhere.44702620085355381117169209245269305320
Ethical406827600873764107127160198218
principles43002760087427090132165185228249287319
compliance:463327600873173134177197218256298330368387
The406828700853678116
authors420528700853475100142183208238
attest44642870085356087124153179
that466428700852465101126
their481128700852465103121146
study49782870085295595138173
was517328700855389118
approved531228700853577120145186221258301
by406829800854073
the41582980085236399
local42742980085175689124141
Ethical44322980085345898115147182199
Committee464829800854179139198215239265300337
and500229800853373113
is513229800851745
in519429800851656
compliance526729800853169129169187204239278311346
with40683090085537298140
human423630900854081143180221
studies44863090085285596139157195226
and474030900853577119
animal48883090085347695156193212
welfare512830900855391110133170196234
regulations53903090085236110414516420140683200085234080120148
of423532000853960
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