Online závislosti: Příspěvek ke zmírnění paniky

Mgr. Kateřina Škařupová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 207  

The most common spinal difficulties of school children

doc. MUDr. Martin Repko, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 212-218 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.040  

Spinal difficulties of school children are very common handicap varying between various levels and magnitude of structuraldamage. Non-structural affections is common problem in contemporary children population and is mostly caused by inadequatemovement activity. The most serious structural affections, such as hyperkyphosis or scoliosis, are serious diseases demandingcomplex interactive treatment that often includes surgery. The article analysis clinical images, evaluation methods as well as basictherapeutic schemes of different most common spinal lesions in children’s age.

Classic and recent laboratory markers of newborn sepsis

MUDr. Anna Medková, MUDr. Jan Hálek, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 219-222 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.041  

Despite the huge progress in neonatology, especially in care of premature infants, newborn sepsis remains a big problem.In neonatology, we talk about early-onset newborn sepsis and late-onset newborn sepsis. This review is focused on early-onsetsepsis. Early diagnosis and initiation of therapy is essential for infant`s good prognosis. Classic definition of sepsis is based onthe clinical signs and proof of pathogen in the blood stream. But, this is problematic in clinical practice, so another laboratorymar kers of bacterial infection are used. In this review article, we discuss commonly used markers. In the second part of thisarticle we introduce new...

Rotaviruses known and unknown

Mgr. Romana Moutelíková, Ph.D., Bc. Anna Blahová, RNDr. Jana Prodělalová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 223-225 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.042  

This article aims to summarize up-to-date information on rotaviruses and diseases they cause. Next the authors mention theimportance of vaccination and the possible effect of vaccines on the different rotavirus genotypes present in the population.

Possibilities of influencing children immunity from a pediatric point of view

MUDr. Jan Boženský

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 226-230 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.043  

The importance of a properly functioning and well-balanced immune system for maintaining health has become evident over thepast decades. There has been an apparent decrease in the prevalence of “traditional” infectious diseases, but on the other hand hasbeen increased number of allergic and autoimmune diseases. This result is probably connected with changes in life-style-relatedfactors, whether positive influencing (vaccination, better health care and nutrition) or negative influencing (smoking and environmentalpollution). We know, that diet and nutrition can affect too the functioning of immune system. Nutritional epigeneticsseeks to explain...

Experience of paediatricians with care for children with speech development and language competence deficits – from the medical practice

PhDr. Ilona Bytešníková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 232-234 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.044  

Nowadays the number of children with a speech development delay or disorder has been increasing in the Czech Republic. Quitea large number of children show deficiency in communication abilities in the last pre-school year and after they start to attendschool. Therefore we have to focus on early diagnostics and commencement of the corresponding intervention immediatelyafter some delay in the development is found. The contribution brings conclusions of a research study analyzing the opinions ofpaediatricians concerning this matter.

High-voltage electrotrauma of teenagers, still actual topic

MUDr. Filip Raška, MUDr. Břetislav Lipový, Ph.D., MUDr. Ivan Suchánek

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 243-245 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.047  

High-voltage electric injuries are among the most serious conditions we can encounter in burn centers. These are accidents causednot only by direct electric current, but also by electric arc that can occur in the immediate vicinity of the high voltage electricalconductor. In addition, the burning of the garment often involves burning the patient. In the case report, we present a juvenilepatient, who has suffered extensive high-voltage electrical burns. In this case, the mechanism of the accident was overrunningtrainsets. Injuries with a similar mechanism have been in a gradual retreat in recent years. However, we are seeing a significantincrease of...

Adapted clinical practice guideline: suctioning of the neonates and infants

Mgr. Jaroslava Fendrychová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 258-261 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.051  

The article presents an adapted clinical practice guideline for suctioning of neonates and infants that is to provide the nurses andmidwives with practical information concerning preparation of the child and the equipment necessary for the procedure whichis in many cases performed routinely, without any need for it. Therefore the article describes not only positive effects but alsopossible complications and negatives of the intervention. Also mentioned are the procedures of suctioning from mouth and nose,from endotracheal and tracheostomy tube, including four methods of suctioning which have not been used very often becauseof insufficient knowledge...

An uncommon brain abscess caused by Streptococcus intermedius due to periodontal inflammation

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr. Marta Neklanová, MUDr. Eva Klásková, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. David Krahulík, Ph.D., MUDr. Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 254-257 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.050  

Streptococcus intermedius is a member of the Streptococcus milleri group. Although this is a commensal agent of the mouth andupper airways, it has been recognized as an important and rare pathogen in the formation of abscesses. We report a five-year-oldgirl with brain abscess caused by S. intermedius. The patient was addmited because of developing fibrile meningeal syndromeand periodontal inflammation due to untreated teeth. Her diagnosis was obtained by brain imaging combined with culture ofpurulent content from brain abscess. The outcome was favorable after antibiotic therapy and abscess drainage.

Differential diagnosis of dyspnoea in children – an otorhinolaryngologist’s view

MUDr. Michaela Máchalová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 236-238  

Dyspnoea is a serious symptom, which can be present in a large number of various diseases. Dyspnoea is a subjectivefeeling of breath shortness. It can be an acute rapidly progressing condition, or a chronic one, which manifests itself inphysical activity and in later stages at rest. Children suffer more frequently from acute dyspnoea due to significantly narrowerairways in comparison to adults. In childhood, dyspnoea is usually caused by airway obstruction: thickening, wallcollapse, or foreign body presence. Airway narrowing can be caused by external compression as well. While searching forthe cause of dyspnoea, it is necessary to evaluate child’s...

The gut microbiota and its possibilities of influence

MUDr. Pavel Frühauf, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 239-242  

Probiotic bacteria are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host.The different beneficial effects of specific probiotic strains may be translated into different health claims.

Moral distress of physicians and nurses in pediatric care

prof. PhDr. Jiří Mareš, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 248-252 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.083  

The overview study presents to pediatric public some topics that are important for the care of child patients but so far are notan object of deeper interest in the Czech Republic. There are cases where healthcare professionals know what would be right todo for child patients but external obstacles (economic, pressure from superiors, co-workers or parents) prevent them from carryingit out. The study summarizes the experience from abroad and divides them into four sections: 1. It defines the term moraldistress and terms related to it; 2. It presents two models of moral distress as examples; 3. It introduces assessment procedures(quantitative, qualitative...

Doprovázení adolescentů na cestě k abstinenci

MUDr. Marie Dvořáková

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 265-266  

Onychomadéza – pozdní komplikace nemoci ruka, noha a ústa

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 246 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.048  

Nejčastější purpura s trochu jiným začátkem

prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Doležel, CSc., MUDr. Martin Jouza, MUDr. Marcel Schüller, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 247 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2017.049  

Konference Hami v Praze na Žofíně

MUDr. Pavel Frühauf, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi 2017; 18(4): 262-264