Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(6):370-374 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.071

Spina bifida - open forms

MUDr. Tomáš Radovnický, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Martin Sameš, CSc.

Neurochirurgická klinika Fakulty zdravotnických studií Univerzity J. E. Purkyně a Masarykovy nemocnice v Ústí nad Labem, Krajská zdravotní, a. s.

Open forms of spinal dysraphism, primarily myelomeningocele and the rarer myelocele, represent some of the most serious congenital defects of the spine and spinal cord. They arise from disturbances of primary neurulation and clinically manifest with severe neurological impairments. They are typically associated with Chiari malformation type II and the development of hydrocephalus, both of which significantly affect long-term prognosis. Early diagnosis and urgent surgical repair play a crucial role in reducing the risk of infectious complications and enabling subsequent multidisciplinary care. Prenatal surgery has demonstrated significant improvement in motor function and a reduction in the incidence of hydrocephalus; however, it carries higher maternal and fetal morbidity. The care of children with open spinal dysraphism requires long-term collaboration among pediatricians, neurosurgeons, urologists, orthopedists, and other specialists. With a comprehensive approach, substantial improvements in quality of life and patient independence can be achieved.

Keywords: spina bifida, myelomeningocele, myelocele, hydrocephalus, Chiari malformation.

Accepted: December 10, 2025; Published: December 15, 2025  Show citation