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PhDr. Eva Labusová

Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(5):275

Disorders of consciousness in children

MUDr. Michaela Šibíková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(5):279-283 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.056

Disorders of consciousness in children are serious and potentially life-threatening conditions that require immediate diagnosis and treatment. Early and systematic response is crucial to minimize permanent neurological damage. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the approach to children with disorders of consciousness in acute practice, based on the latest recommendations and evidence-based medicine.

Viral hepatitis with emphasis on hepatitis A in the paediatric population

prof. RNDr. Vanda Boštíková, Ph.D., Ing. Hana Střítecká, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(5):284-288 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.057

Viral hepatitis in children represents a heterogeneous group of diseases caused by different hepatotropic viruses, which differ in the mode of transmission, clinical picture, as well as the risk of possible transition to the chronic stage. Hepatitis A is a very serious public health problem, particularly in the paediatric population. Although this infection does not cause chronic liver disease, it is associated with significant morbidity. In general, the severity of the disease is inversely proportional to the age of the child. In rare cases, fulminant hepatitis may occur and is associated with high mortality. Universal vaccination of children is the...

Management of recurrent bronchospasm in preschool children in pediatric practice: Recommendations for clinical practice

MUDr. Peter Kunč, PhD., MUDr. Jaroslav Fábry, PhD., prof. MUDr. Renata Péčová, PhD., MPH

Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(5):290-294 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.058

Recurrent episodes of wheezing in preschool children represent a common clinical problem encountered by pediatricians in primary care. It is a heterogeneous group of conditions with varying etiology, pathogenesis, and prognosis. Proper diagnosis and management are crucial for reducing morbidity and improving the quality of life for children and their families, especially in the context of limited access to specialized care. This review article summarizes current knowledge on the classification, diagnosis, and treatment of recurrent bronchospasm in children up to 5 years of age, drawing also from the methodology and recommendations developed by a multidisciplinary...

Sports and physical activities in children - a paediatric cardiologist view

doc. MUDr. Peter Kubuš, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(5):296-300 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.059

This article is an overview - from a paediatric cardiologist perspective, of the role of physical activities and exercise in children in preventing the development of cardiovascular diseases and further on issues related to children engaged in regular training or competition, with a special interest on the pre-participation screening of young athletes, sudden cardiac death and the most frequent cardiovascular diseases.

Plant-based diets for children - practical guidance for doctors

MUDr. Martin Světnička, Ph.D., Mgr. Marina Jeřábková, MUDr. Eliška Selinger

Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(5):301-304 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.060

Plant-based diets, such as vegetarianism and veganism, are enjoying growing popu­larity and are increasingly common among children and adolescents. However, an improperly balanced diet that completely lacks animal products can lead to nutritional deficiencies. The most common risks include insufficient energy intake, as well as deficiencies in vitamin B12, iodine, vitamin D, calcium, iron, and essential fatty acids. Based on current knowledge, however, these risks can be identified in time and minimized with a pro­perly balanced plant-based diet and regular supplementation of at-risk micronutrients.

The risky impact of the Internet on the development of eating disorders in children and adolescents

prof. PhDr. Ingrid Emmerová, PhD.

Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(5):306-308 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.061

The article deals with the issue of eating disorders in children and adolescents. Eating disorders are multifactorial and the author focuses on the risk factors of the Internet in their development. It highlights the necessity of effective prevention of eating disorders. Special attention is paid to the role of paediatricians in this area and their potential in prevention.

Psychodermatology in paediatrics and adolescence

MUDr. Barbara Ivanková, MBA, doc. MUDr. Janette Baloghová, PhD.

Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(5):309-314 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.062

Psychodermatology is a rapidly developing discipline, encompassing disorders predominantly at the interface of dermatology, psychology and psychiatry. The period of childhood and adolescence brings its own specificities; the parent also enters into a very close cooperation. Psychological stress has been reported to disrupt the homeostasis of the epidermal permeability barrier and may act as a precipitant for some inflammatory disorders. Children, given their age and emotional maturity, may experience stress due to changes in school, conflicting family environments, life events, or pressure to meet expectations. Chronic somatic illness can also be stressful,...

The need for engagement of pediatricians in the prevention of cyberbullying among children and youth

doc. PaedDr. Renáta Orosová, PhD., PaedDr. Michal Novocký, PhD., Mgr. Zuzana Vagaská, PhD.

Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(5):E1-E5 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.055

The article primarily deals with the issue of cyberbullying among primary and secon­dary school students in the Slovak Republic. It brings together official statistical analyses, current research findings and expert insights (from abroad as well) on the contribution of pediatricians to the identification of cyberbullying and its resolution. Due to the insufficient number of professional employees in schools, it is worth considering inviting them to bullying prevention activities (especially towards its modern and more dangerous form implemented in the online environment). At the end of the article, we present suggestions on how pediatricians could...

Deep vein thrombosis as a complication after conservative treatment of clavicular fracture - two case reports

MUDr. Ondřej Teslík, MUDr. Jan Škvařil, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(5):318-320 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.063

Clavicle fracture is a common injury in pediatric traumatology and is usually treated conservatively. The complication of deep vein thrombosis is very rare in this context. In the article, we present two case reports of girls with uncomplicated clavicle fracture who developed deep vein thrombosis of the upper extremity during conservative treatment. In both cases, the diagnosis was made using duplex sonography and treatment was initiated with low-molecular-weight heparin. The article draws attention to the need to consider this serious rare complication, especially in the event of swelling and pain in the upper extremity during conservative treatment.

Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 - case report of a child with multiple organ involvement

MUDr. Eva Matloch, MUDr. Mikuláš Struminský, MUDr. Štěpán Rucki, CSc., doc. MUDr. Terezie Šuláková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(5):321-326 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.064

We present a case report of a three-year-old boy diagnosed with a rare autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1). The child was hospitalized for episodes of collapse, neurological symptoms, and significant laboratory abnormalities (severe hyponatremia, hypocalcemia), which led to an extended differential diagnostic process. Subsequently, hypoparathyroidism, autoimmune hepatitis, and Addison's disease were confirmed. A pathogenic variant in the AIRE gene was identified by genetic testing. The clinical course was further complicated by hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis and hypertension. This case highlights the importance of including cortisol...

Overweight and obesity in children with Down syndrome: health complications and intervention strategies

Mgr. Jana Chromá, Ph.D., Bc. Lucie Kabátová, DiS., Mgr. Kateřina Greplová, PhDr. Bohdana Dušová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(5):331-335 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.066

Overweight and obesity represent a serious health issue in children with Down syndrome, negatively affecting cardiometabolic health, sleep quality, and motor functions. The aim of this review article is to analyze and synthesize current knowledge regarding the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children with Down syndrome, with a focus on identifying associated health complications. Furthermore, the article evaluates available intervention strategies that may contribute to improving health outcomes and preventing obesity in this specific population. Based on an analysis of literature from the past ten years, key risk areas have been identified,...

Periorbital dermoid cyst in a two-year-old girl

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr. Marta Karhanová, Ph.D., FEBO, MUDr. Linda Vavříková, MUDr. Tomáš Tichý, MUDr. Lenka Bakaj-Zbrožková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(5):327-329 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.065

Dermoid cysts are embryological derivatives of soft tissues. They develop as a result of ectodermal inclusion into the mesoderm during the early stages of embryonic development. These are slow-growing lesions that most commonly occur in childhood. Sonography is the first-line imaging modality. Definitive diagnosis is established through histopathological examination. Surgical removal via an open approach, without rupture of the cyst wall, is considered the gold standard of treatment. We present the case of a 2-year-old girl with a periorbital dermoid cyst, showing progressive growth. The cyst was completely excised under general anesthesia and histologically...

What the post-COVID period has brought in the field of influenza-like ilnesses

MUDr. Pavel Kostiuk, CSc., PharmDr. Lucie Kotlářová, PharmDr. Zdeněk Procházka

Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(5):337-341

Research and clinical experience increasingly clearly show that significant consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection include significant long-term dysregulation of the immune system. The pathophysiological mechanisms of this disorder, which is part of the post-COVID syndrome, include, for example, persistent inflammatory activation, functional exhaustion of T lymphocytes, impaired memory of B lymphocytes and antibody responses, the formation of autoantibodies, and reactivation of latent herpes viruses (especially EBV). Immune disorders have also been described in patients with initially mild or home-managed course of COVID-19. A significant consequence...