Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 327-331 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.064

Impact of environment to the child development

MUDr. Radim J. Šrám, DrSc.,^1,3, MUDr. Miloš Velemínský, Jr., Ph.D.^1,2

¹ Zdravotně sociální fakulta Jihočeská univerzita v Českých Budějovicích

² Gynekologicko‑porodnické odd. Nemocnice České Budějovice, a. s.

³ Lékařská fakulta Ostravská univerzita v Ostravě

The results of research indicate, that air pollution may unfavourably affect neuropsychological development in children. First informationabout such deterioration showed the increase of minimal brain dysfuction in children from the Northern Bohemia Regionin Czech Republic in eighties. Later was observed the neurotoxicity of polluted air in children from 2nd to 8th class, comparing thepolluted district of Teplice with the control district of Prachatice. Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) wasstudied in cohorts of children from New York (USA), Krakow (Poland), and Tongliang (China). All studies observed the decrease ofcognitive functions, inteligency quocient, decrease of white matter volume of the left hemisphere. Studies from Spain prove unfavorableeffect of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) from the air polluted by traffic to cognitive and psychomotoric development of primaryschool children as well as the impact of prenatal exposure to affect attention. Increased concentrations of PM2,5 (particulate matter< 2,5 mm) from traffic emissions affect working memory and attention in children. Impact of geen spaces to neurodevelopmentaldevelopment is followed for a long time in Spain. Studies prove the decrease of ADHD symptoms, improvement of working memory,improvement of attention, as well as the increase of the grey and white matter of brain volume.

Keywords: Inteligency quocient (IQ), fine particulate matter (PM2,5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), cognitive functions, polycyklic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), prenatale exposure

Published: December 15, 2018  Show citation