Jak dál v pediatrii?

Luděk Ryba

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 311-312  

Game over – children caught in the net

MUDr. Bc. Daniela Zmeškalová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 317-321 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.062  

Digital technologies have become a regular part of everyday life and children meet them already during infancy. Excessive useof smartphones, tablets or computers has negative consequences, including the risk of pathological development and causingmental health problems (gaming disorder is already described in ICD-11). There is no question whether children should or shouldn’tuse modern technology, but when, and how to set the rules of use and how to be a good guide. Pediatricians are expected toknow when and how to talk to families and children in order to reduce the potential risks of over-exploiting technology and toprevent the development of...

Is less known human granulocytic anaplasmosis not very significant at the same time?

RNDr. Helena Nejezchlebová, Ph.D., Bc. Renata Horáková, doc. RNDr. Alena Žákovská, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 322-324 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.063  

We provide an overview of less known tick-borne zoonosis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, with focus on mother and herfetus/child. In addition to the transfer of its bacterial causative agent (Anaplasma phagocytophilum) by ticks, other pathways ofinfection can not be excluded: blood transfusion, skin injury, inhalation of infected blood drops, transplacentar or through breastmilk. Coinfection with other tick-borne diseases may also occur, e. g. with borreliosis. Coinfection contributes to poor conditionof the patient an prolonged duration of clinical manifestations of the disease. A limited number of laboratory-confirmed cases ofanaplasmosis have...

Impact of environment to the child development

MUDr. Radim J. Šrám, DrSc.,, MUDr. Miloš Velemínský, Jr., Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 327-331 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.064  

The results of research indicate, that air pollution may unfavourably affect neuropsychological development in children. First informationabout such deterioration showed the increase of minimal brain dysfuction in children from the Northern Bohemia Regionin Czech Republic in eighties. Later was observed the neurotoxicity of polluted air in children from 2nd to 8th class, comparing thepolluted district of Teplice with the control district of Prachatice. Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) wasstudied in cohorts of children from New York (USA), Krakow (Poland), and Tongliang (China). All studies observed the decrease ofcognitive...

Assessment of an early mother‑ child relationship in a community

Mgr. Eva Hendrych Lorenzová, doc. PhDr. Sylva Bártlová, Ph.D, Mgr. Kateřina Ratislavová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 332-336 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.065  

Pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum periods are very sensitive for mother and child. Mother and her baby are very closelyinterconnected during these periods, and one cannot be cared for without the other. At these times, it is advisable todevelop a positive emotional bond between the mother and her baby. A positive emotional bond helps a woman to bemore in harmony with her maternity roles and better accept the changes maternity brings to her life. For the child itself,a positive emotional bond with mother brings feelings of love and affection, thus shaping his future emotional life. Thisarticle presents a specific range of MIRF Scale that can be used...

Dextromethorphan – psychotropic drug in hands of children and adolescents

MUDr. Gabriela Rábová, MUDr. Jiří Podlipný, Ph.D., PharmDr. Eliška Lacinová, MUDr. Lucia Kovářová, doc. MUDr. Jan Vevera, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 337-339 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.066  

Dextromethorphan (DXM) is a substance with increasing potential of abuse. Ordinary antitusic medicaments containing DXMused to be available without medical prescription in Czech Republic. Therefore it was easy to obtain and abuse. Since 15th August2018, the availability of monocomponent medicaments containing DXM in solid form changed due to a regulatory measure, whichconsists in the „only on medical prescription“ mode. It means that it cannot be sold over-the-counter anymore. We registered 5cases of DXM abuse in pediatric patients hospitalized in Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital in Pilsen during the first6 months of 2017....

Severe methamphetamine intoxication in a toddler

MUDr. Jan Papež, MUDr. Jiří Štarha, Ph.D., MUDr. Petr Jabandžiev, Ph.D., MUDr. Andrea Brzobohatá, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Doležel, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 340-342 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.067  

Accidental ingestions of various substances represent a relatively common cause of healthcare facility visit among babies. Sincemost of the substances have low toxicity and those toxic are taken in nontoxic doses, only a small segment of the children needsto be admitted into a hospital. Even a smaller segment is in a real life-threatening situation. Especially children intoxicated bydangerous medicaments (e.g. cardiovascular agents, tricyclic antidepressants, oral antidiabetic medication etc.), some chemicals,poisonous plants or mushrooms belong to this group. Last but not least, severe accidental intoxication caused by addictive substancesalso do...

Tricky first spoon or enterocolitis syndrome induce by food protein by six month old child

MUDr. Lucie Jechová, MUDr. Eliška Kopelentová

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 343-345 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.068  

The article is dealing with food protein induced enterocolitis syndrome which is a less common cause of dehydratation during profusevomiting and repetitive diarrhoe in infancy. It points out that not all acute enteritis and enterocolitis are of infective ethiology.

From anemia to intestinal obstruction

MUDr. Denisa Kubicová, MUDr. Monika Duží, MUDr. Karel Klos

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 346-348 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.069  

The authors present a case report of adolescent patient hospitalized with a history of 8-day vomiting, development of the bowelobstruction and the expected but surprising peroperative findings.

Influenza in a cystic fibrosis infant: case report with literature review

MUDr. Tereza Kleštincová, doc. MUDr. Eva Klásková, Ph.D., MUDr. Lenka Bakaj Zbrožková, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 349-353 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.070  

Influenza is an acute respiratory (preventative) disease that usually occurs in epidemics and can end up fatally in risk individuals.The most vulnerable groups include infants, preschool and younger school children, chronically ill patients, and those over theage of 65 including patients with chronic respiratory disease including cystic fibrosis. Vaccination in the population, includingrisk groups, is still very low in the Czech Republic compared to other European countries. The authors report a case study of aninfant with cystic fibrosis with the most common F508del and G551D who needed hospitalization for febrile respiratory infectionand incipient...

The importance of a drinking regime in eating children

PhDr. Iveta Ondriová, PhD., MUDr. Anna Sinaiová, PhD., PhDr. Terézia Fertaľová, PhD., PhDr. Jana Cínová, PhD.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 357-359 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.072  

Water is one of the most widespread compounds in the biosphere, belongs to body fluids and is the basic component of everyliving organism. The human body contains on average 45 to 75% of water. Its content depends many of factors that affect it suchas age (in the infant, the percentage of body weight is up to 75%, in the elderly only 46 to 54%), gender (women with slightlyless water than men) climatic conditions, the health status of each as well as the intake of fluids. Drinking regimes along withnutrition are among the most basic living needs of a person. In the present paper, the authors analyse the basic attributes of thedrinking regime in children.

Care for children of HIV positive mothers

Mgr. Veronika Kulířová, MUDr. Lukáš Fleischhans, doc. MUDr. Hanuš Rozsypal, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 360-362 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.073  

A number of people with human immunodeficiency virus infection (Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV) are still rising in theCzech Republic. The increasing number of HIV-positive pregnant women is not so significant due to the prophylactic program,the risk of vertical transmission has significantly decreased. The prophylactic program is divided into 4 parts (antiretroviral treatmentduring pregnancy, birth by caesarean section and replacing breastfeeding with a milk diet, using antiretroviral suspensionduring the first six weeks of newborn life). The dispensation program is up to 18 months of child age when the child is removedfrom the evidence after the...

Juvenile colonic polyp presenting as a recurrent enterorrhagia

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr. Lenka Bakaj Zbrožková, Ph.D., MUDr. Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 354-356 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.071  

Colorectal polyps are commone in childhood. Ultrasonographic examination is a safe and accurate method of assessing childrenwith rectal bleeding, especially for the diagnosis of juvenile colonic polyps. We present a case of a solitary juvenile polyp of colondescendens, which was the cause of repeated enterorrhagia in a 3,5-year-old girl. Abdominal ultrasonography confirmed thesolitary polyp, which was successfully removed during colonoscopic examination.

Treating cough

PharmDr. Karel Vašut, Ph.D., PharmDr. MVDr. Vilma Vranová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6)  

The treatment of cough varies depending on its underlying cause, character, and the particular patient. The article deals withregistered medicinal products used to treat cough and divided, according to indications, into antitussives and expectorants, withthe products being arranged in ascending order by the age from which they can be administered to patients.

Common bacterial infenctions by children

MUDr. Natália Čárska, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 378-380  

Skin is the largest organ of the body, therefore its proper microbial settlement is very important. If bacteria, viruses, yeasts orparasites are replicated, this equilibrium is impaired. Depending on the virulence and immunity not only of the skin but also ofthe whole immune system, and consequently, the infection may be widespread. The most common cause of infection in childrenis Staphylococcus aureus, Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci, or enterococci.

Znáte schistocyty?

prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Doležel, CSc., MUDr. Veronika Fiamoli, Ph.D., MUDr. Jan Papež

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 363 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2018.074  

Arms licenses in pediatric practice

MUDr. Markéta Petrovová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi 2018; 19(6): 364-368  

This article informs general practitioner for children about the issue of assessing the medical fitness of applicants for and holdersof the firearms license. In specific cases related to sport shooting or training leading to a profession, persons under the age of 19can be assessed. In such cases, the assessment differs in some respects from the assessment of adults. In August 2016 an amendmentto the Weapons and Ammunition Act came into effect. Physicians were granted a new competence to examine whether apatient is a holder of the firearms license. Moreover, physicians now have a duty of notification if they detect changes to a patient‘smedical...