Jahodové blues

Jana Kučerová

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4)  

Vitamin D in childhood and adolescence - five spheres of influence

MUDr.Božena Kalvachová, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):221-223  

The biologically active metabolite of vitamin D, the steroid hormone calcitriol, has several roles in the organism. Its antirachitic effect is well known almost one hundred years while its mechanism has been elucidated later. We consider this systemic regulatory influence of calcitriol on the calcium-phosphate metabolism as its priority function. Its local creation and regional tissue effectivity of calcitriol after its binding to cellular nuclear receptors – the endocrine microsystems – build up further spheres of influence: immunomodulation, metabolic reactions, development and functionality of the brain and fetal programming....

Anaphylaxis in children - a practial recommendation

doc.MUDr.Vít Petrů, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):224-226  

Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially life-threatening syndrome with multisystemic manifestations due to the rapid release of proinflammatory mediators. In children, foods can be a significant trigger for anaphylaxis (milk, eggs, wheat, soy, peanuts, fish and others). Patients experiencing anaphylaxis can present with cutaneous, respiratory, cardiovascular or gastrointestinal manifestations. Epinephrine given intramusculary remains the mainstay of treatment for this condition. Other second or third-line therapies, such as inhaled beta-2 agonists, H1 and H2 receptor antagonists and corticosteroids, may play a role in resolving respiratory and...

Selected viral and bacterial infections transmitted perinatally - part three, herpetic viruses

doc.RNDr.Vanda Boštíková, Ph.D., MUDr.Petr Prášil, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Miloslav Salavec, Ph.D., prof.MUDr.Pavel Boštík, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):227-230  

Infection of the fetus and newborn significantly affects perinatal mortality and morbidity. They can cause premature births, causing a wide range of congenital defects and organ involvement of varying degrees. The following text discusses the issue of perinatal infections caused by human herpes viruses.

Methods of elicitation and interpretation of normal period of elicitation of selected primitive reflexes

Mgr.Martina Šlachtová, Ph.D., Bc.Martina Stepaňuková

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):231-233  

The examination of primitive reflexes is an inseparable part of the diagnosis of the psychomotor development as well as the examination of spontaneous motion and postural reactivity of a child. This article deals with the issue of methodology and interpretation of the examination of selected primitive reflexes.

Acne from perspective of pediatrician

MUDr.Jan Štěpán

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):234-237  

Acne vulgaris represents one of problematic disorders that dermatologist or pediatrician can come in contact with. This disease occurs in various age groups and has a variety of forms. The key is not only the right choice of therapy but also effective comprehensive approach, without which a success can be hardly achieved. During treatment we deal not only with local skin image. It is actually a complex multifactorial disease of sebaceous glands and nearby skin that affects a pacient. Besides clinical point of view, it is serious estetical and social-psychological problem.

The current view of the diagnosis and management of urinary tract infection in children

MUDr.Jakub Zieg, Ph.D., MUDr.Eliška Bébrová

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):238-242  

Early diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) along with adequate management are the main requirements for prevention of chronic kidney disease. When evaluating laboratory results of patients with UTI, one should consider the method of urine sample collection, because some are associated with high risk of contamination. Dip stick tests help us promptly suspect UTI. Treatment efficacy of parenteral and oral antibiotics for uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis in children from early infancy is comparable. Choice of antibiotics is dependent on local pathogen occurrence. Voiding cystography (VCUG) is not used routinely in children with first...

What should we know about nutrition of child with epidermolysis bullosa congenita

Mgr.Hana Holišová, MUDr.Alena Havlíčková

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):244-246  

Epidermolysis bullosa congenita (EB) is a rare, congenital, inherited disease for which fragile, easily vulnerable skin and mucous membranes are typical. Severe, generalized forms of EB involves multiorgan impairment. EB patients are cared for by experts in various specializations in the specialized EB Center. The author is a nutritional therapist of EB Center, focused on gastrointestinal disorders (dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux, constipation) in patients with EB. She emphasizes early nutritional intervention to prevent a deepening of malnutrition, delayed growth and development in a patient with EB. The author emphasizes close cooperation...

Immunoprophylaxis of severe RSV infections does not influence vaccination of children - new indication criteria

doc.MUDr.Zbyněk Straňák, CSc., MBA

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):247-250  

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequent pathogen of serious respiratory infections in children under 3 years of age. The prevalence of the disease reaches 68.8% in the first year of life and 82.6% in the children under 2. For prevention of the RSV infections in high-risk infants (prematurity, chronic lung diseases, congenital heart diseases) administration of palivizumab is recommended. Palivizumab is a monoclonal antibody against specific RSV epitope, neutralizing the virus and inhibiting penetration of the viral envelope into the plasmatic membrane of the host cell. The administration of palivizumab does not interfere with...

Parasitic diseases in children coused by endoparasites

MUDr.Lubomíra Hozáková

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):251-255  

Although children and adults are susceptible to many of the same parasitic diseases, children are more prone to certain diseases, such as geohelmintosis. This is due to their activities, such as playing in sandpits, bad hygiene and their close relationship to animals. Unlike some adults, children are far less likely to get the diseases which come from eating undercooked meat. In the future it is necessary to consider diseases that have not yet appeared in the Czech Republic, such as alveolar echinococcosis and dirofilariosis. Due to increasing tourism abroad it is necessary to consider the possibility of bringing home parasitic diseases.

Hand-foot-mouth disease

MUDr.Kilián Resl, Mgr.Marie Reslová

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):256-258  

The article deals with the hand, foot and mouth disease. In addition to the issues of common symptoms and management of this disease, it focuses on possible severe neurological complications. Also discussed is the occurrence of large epidemics abroad during which there was involvement of the CNS. In the vast majority of cases, the condition is benign; however, given the risk of associated complications, the goal of current research is to develop a vaccine.

Drowning in fecal reservoir

MUDr.René Hrdlička, MUDr.Jiří Fremuth, Ph.D., prof.MUDr.Jiří Kobr, Ph.D., MUDr.Kateřina Pizingerová, Ph.D., MUDr.Lumír Šašek

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):259-261  

Drowning belongs to important topics of intensive care in paediatrics. The authors describe a case of a 2-year-old boy who near-drowned in biologically contaminated water. Child’s prognosis was very serious, he developed extreme acidosis, hypothermia

Intussusception as complicatoin of adenovirus enteritis

MUDr.Petra Kinkorová

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):262-263  

In the interpretation case I describe six month old boy who was admitted in our Department of Paediatrics of Stakonice Hospital a.s. on 4/2014. He suffered from adenovirus enteritis. Illness was complicated by intussusception. Status was concluded by surgical operation.

Campomelic dysplasia

MUDr.Kateřina Bendová, MUDr.Renáta Poláčková, MUDr.Andrea Gřegořová, MUDr.Eva Šilhánová

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):264-266  

The authors report their own experience with a disorder caused by mutation in the SOX9 gene in two case reports. This genetic disorder causes anomalies of the reproductive systém and skeletal system with a small thoracic cavity and respiratory insufficiency.

Adapted clinical practice guideline: neonatal skin care

Mgr.Jaroslava Fendrychová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):275-278  

The paper presents 11 domains of an adapted clinical practice guideline which is to provide nurses and midwives with practical information concerning care of the skin and umbilical cord stump of a newborn baby on the basis of the best available evidence. The goal of the practice guideline is to unify care and avoid obsolete and unnecessary activities. The guideline contains procedures aimed at assessment of the current condition of the skin of the newborn baby, identification of possible risks of skin integrity impairment, realization of interventions to support and protect optimum skin functions, minimization of the potential for future skin...

Esophageal achalasia from a pediatrician’s viewpoint - case report

prof.MUDr.Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr.Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):272-274  

Achalasia is a rare esophageal motility disorder presenting with clinical symptoms resulting from his evacuation. Children usually present with progressive dysphagia, vomiting, and weight loss. Achalasia is diagnosed with a barium swallow study and may by confirmed with esophageal manometry. We report the case of an otherwise healthy 16-year-old boy having a six months history of progressive dysfagia of sollid food followed later by dysfagia of liquids too. Esophagogram demonstrated delayed passage at the gastroesophageal junction with esophageal body dilatation. Diagnosis of primary achalasia was confirmed with esohageal manometric measurement....

Leadership and management of medical documentation in pediatric practice

JUDr.Jana Konečná

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):268-271  

Medical documentation is an essential source of information that provides a unified information provided so far, the planned health services and other information it deems necessary for the physician to record in connection with the provision of health services. Medical documentation is essential information value not only for physicians providing medical services to the patient, but also for other eligible entities established by law, including the patient himself, whether an adult or a minor. The informational value of medical documentation is also crucial for the doctor in case of damage to health by providing health services.

The Cow’s Milk-related Symptom - differential diagnosis in infants

MUDr.Pavel Frühauf, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):284-285  

The Cow’s Milk-related Symptom Score (CoMiSS), which considers general manifestations, dermatological, gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms, was developed as an awareness tool for cow’s milk-related symptoms. It can also be used to evaluate, but does not diagnose cow’s milk protein allergy and does not replace a food challenge.

Jihomoravské dětské léčebny

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):282-283  

Léčíme pacienta a jeho symptomy, nikoliv laboratorní hodnoty

Pediatr. praxi. 2015;16(4):279-280