„Přijel pán ve žlutým autě…“ aneb Transporty dětí v sanitních vozech

MUDr. Petr Vojtíšek

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):67  

Prevention of cardiovascular disease in childhood

doc.MUDr.Zuzana Urbanová, CSc., prof.MUDr.Milan Šamánek, DrSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):72-74  

This is estimated, that 75 % to 90 % of the cardiovascular diseases as related to dislipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, tobacco us and, physical inactivity. The principal cause of these risk factors is poor nutrition and unhealthy lifestyle. The atherosclerosis begins in childhood, culminating with development of atherosclerotic plaque in the third and fourth decades of life and healthy lifestyle and good nutrition contribute to lower risk prevalence and either delay or prevent the onset of cardiovascular disease.

Shaken baby syndrome and its surgical aspects

prof.MUDr.Petr Havránek, CSc., MUDr.Helena Homolková, MUDr.Pavel Tomek

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):76-78  

Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) was described by Caffey in the 1970s. It is caused when an infant, held firmly by the trunk or arms, is aggressively shaken, with the head being moved from abrupt flexion to violent hyperextension. The syndrome is characterized by a triad of CNS injury (subdural or subarachnoid hemorrhage, acute encephalopathy, edema or diffuse axonal injury and retinal hemorrhage). Serial costal or humeral fractures can frequently be found in the skeleton. Diagnosing SBS may often be problematic due to the possibility of false negative but also, though rarely, false positive diagnosis and remains widely discussed in the literature....

Biological treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis

MUDr.Dana Němcová, doc.MUDr.Pavla Doležalová, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):80-82  

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a systemic autoimmune inflammatory disease leading to progressive changes in the joints with a reduction of their mobility and limiting daily activities. They are listed indications and procedures for the deployment of biological treatment, other treatment options and recommendations severe forms of JIA.

Current status of treatment of growth disorders

MUDr.Renata Pomahačová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):83-87  

An examination of a child with growth disorder must always be complex. Current indications to the growth hormone therapy are: growth hormone deficiency in children, growth hormone deficiency in adults (severe deficiency of growth hormone), Turner syndrome, growth failure in children with chronic renal failure, growth failure in children with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR/SGA, intrauterine growth retardation/small for gestational age), Prader-Willi syndrome, deficiency of SHOX gene (e.g. Leri-Weill syndrome). In other cases of growth disorder we have to exclude primary cause (e.g. therapy of hypothyroidism, diet in coeliac disease).

New approach to children with allergic rhinitis and asthma bronchiale

MUDr.Jarmila Turzíková

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):88-93  

Allergic rhinitis and asthma bronchiale are according to the new knowledge described as the components of „one airway disease“. Allergic rhinitis is not only one of the most important risk factors for development of bronchial asthma but it has also a negative impact on the course of asthma. Early diagnosis and treatment of both diseases as recommended in international guidelines is condition for a good quality of live in all children without serious symptoms and limitations.

Year-round care of a child’s skin

MUDr.Stanislava Polášková

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):96-100  

The article deals with aspects of care of a child’s skin from the perspective of recent knowledge on the epidermal barrier and its function altered by various external factors (water, detergents, weather effects) and explores options for preventing skin damage and preserving and/or supporting complete functioning of the epidermal barrier.

Hyperthyroidism in children

MUDr.Božena Kalvachová, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):101-102  

Although thyroid axis disorders are increasingly frequent in the population, hyperthyroidism in childhood is a rare condition. The incidence increases with age, with more than 60% of immunogenetic forms of hyperthyroidism occurring between 10 and 15 years of age, more frequently in girls. A positive family history of autoimmune thyroiditis, clinical symptoms and laboratory tests make the detection of hyperthyroidism in the first line relatively simple. Differential diagnosis, treatment and surveillance of these patients fall within the competence of a paediatric endocrinologist.

The current view of paediatric anaesthesia

MUDr.Vladimír Mixa

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):103-106  

There are approximately 100.000 anaesthesias yearly given to children´s patients in the Czech Republic. The indication can be both surgical and nonsurgical (diagnostic). The number of radical surgeries and surgeries that the youngest age group (newborns and premature babies) concern increases constantly. The preoperative examination complies with the seriousness of surgery. By the elective surgeries up to the medium extent there is only a paediatric examination necessary. The introduction chapters summarize both the physiological and pharmacological differences which are connected with children´s patients and their effect on the planned anaesthesia....

Using probiotics in acute gastroenterocolitis in children. Results of a clinical study

MUDr.Peter Mikolášek, MUDr.Lenka Krbková, CSc., MUDr.Tomáš Habanec, Ph.D, MUDr.Marta Trnková, MUDr.Jan Pavelka, MUDr.Lukáš Homola, Dr.Lenka Čadová

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):107-110  

The use of probiotics is finding a place in routine practice not only in the field of pediatrics. Probiotics are recommended for recolonization and positive influence on microclimate and settlement of aboral parts of the gastrointestinal tract with modification and support of the physiological metabolism of the large intestine. Recently, a greater emphasis has been placed on immunomodulatory potential of probiotics, prebiotics and paraprobiotics and their use for other types of diseases. However, at the present most indications remain in the therapy of gastroenterocolitis of various etiology. We verified this indication and positive effect...

Acne conglobata in the face

MUDr.Zuzana Nevoralová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):112-115  

A case report is presented of a boy with severe acne conglobata in the face. The patient was initially treated with oral doxycycline and local adapalene, followed by oral isotretinoin. Despite a very serious condition initially, complete healing occurred. Subsequently, maintenance therapy with local adapalene was administered. Current options of acne treatment are discussed and emphasis is placed on the need for using appropriate skin cosmetics and long-term maintenance therapy even after healing has occurred due to the expected persistence of microcomedones.

Meckel’s diverticulum

MUDr.Simona Boráňová, MUDr.Michal Žáčik, MUDr.Jaromír Bernátek

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):116-117  

The paper presents the case of a 17-year old woman admitted after vomiting, stomachache from early age, mental anorexia considered. The woman repeatedly examined with negative findings, psychogenic etiology excluded, in the end a surprising finding of a Meckel diverticle.

Benign paroxysmal torticollis

MUDr.Jan Hálek, MUDr.Marta Neklanová

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):118-119  

Authors present an ilustrative case report of an infant with common course of benign paroxysmal torticollis (BPT), a rare cause of pediatric torticollis. The possibility of BPT should be taken into consideration to avoid excessive diagnostic procedures.

Scalds in toddlers, still curren problem?

MUDr.Břetislav Lipový, MUDr.Radomír Mager, MUDr.Ivan Suchánek

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):120-122  

The aim of this study is to obtain basic epidemiological data on patients with scalding at the age of 1–3 years. This is a retrospective monocentric study focused on patients admitted to the Department of Burns and Reconstructive Surgery University Hospital Brno in the period from 1st January 2005 to 31st December 2009. The basic condition for inclusion in the study was the mechanism of injury – scalding and age 1–3 years. In total, the study included 93 children. The mean age of patients in the study was 22.89 months, mean extent od burn area was 13.34 % TBSA (total body surface area) and mean lenght of hospital stay was...

Orbital cellulitis in children

MUDr.Petr Adam, MUDr.Štěpán Rucki, CSc., MUDr.Jan Szwarc

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):123-125  

The case of 10-years-old boy with orbital cellulitis as the complication of the same-sided sinusitis is presented. Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated as the etiological agent. Despite the intensive antibiotic treatment surgical intervention was needed in the sense of endonasal abscess drainage. After 5 months the recurrence of the disease appeared and was successfully managed with intensive antibiotic treatment alone. Orbital celullitis is an inflammatory disease of the orbital tissues. It is a common complication of sinusitis. The new imaging modalities such as high resolution CT a MRI are utilized for the clinical staging of the disease....

The life of a child with cystic fibrosis seen through a paediatric nurse´s and parents´ eyes

Mgr.Anna Martynková, PhDr.Lucie Sikorová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):131-133  

The contribution presents a case study of a five-year old girl with cystic fibrosis (CF). The case study deals with various periods of the life of the girl with CF and her family. The case study describes the changes in the girl´s life, from birth, through making a diagnosis, being affected by the complications that are typical for CF, their course and the impact on the whole family. The parents´ story shows the influence of a health professional – a paediatric nurse´s attitude and the treatment itself on the quality of life of the whole family.

Ewing sarcoma - a rare cause of joint and bone pain

prof.MUDr.Vladimír Mihál, CSc., doc.MUDr.Dagmar Pospíšilová, Ph.D., MUDr.Zbyněk Novák, MUDr.Barbora Ludíková, MUDr.Jana Mathonová, prof.RNDr.Mgr.Marie Jarošová, CSc., MUDr.Tomáš Tichý, Ph.D., MUDr.Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):126-129  

Here we present the clinical course of a 15-year-old patient with metastatic Ewing sarcoma to bone marrow. MRI confirmed changes in the marrow of long bones and molecular genetic studies revealed sensitive and specific Ewing sarcoma translocation (11;22) (q24;q12) with creation of fusion gene EWSR1.

Babywearing

MUDr.Luděk Ryba, Věra Adamová, prof.MUDr.Jan Janda, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):135-137  

Babywearing (in a sling) has drawn the attention of both the public and professionals in recent years. The Czech Pediatric Society Committee issued its expert opinion on this issue in 2011. The present article is based on this opinion and also includes a mother’s (the article’s coauthor) experience and examples of tying methods.

Tuberózní skleróza

prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Doležel, CSc., MUDr. Zdeňka Ráčilová, MUDr. Denisa Pavlovská, MUDr. Dana Dostálková, MUDr. Eva Kocánová

Pediatr. praxi. 2012;13(2):130