Hračky mění dětství

Mgr. Miroslav Smaha

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):215  

Recurrent fever in children

MUDr.Petra Król, prof.MUDr.Pavla Doležalová, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):221-224  

Recurrent fever in children may pose a major diagnostic challenge to pediatricians. In the last decade, a new group of diseases from the category of autoinflammatory syndromes, whose main manifestation is periodic fever, has been included in the diagnostic algorithm. These conditions are characterized by impairment of innate immune mechanisms. Recurrent fever episodes are accompanied by local inflammatory processes. The majority of periodic fever syndromes are caused by a genetic disorder that induces excessive stimulation of proinflammatory mechanisms. Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated...

What is new in pediatric diabetes

doc.MUDr.Zdeněk Šumník, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):225-227  

The aim of this article is to present the overview about basic developments in pediatric diabetes in several years. The paper included following topics: 1. Changes in epidemiological characteristics in childhood diabetes, 2. Prediction of type 1 diabetes (T1D), 3. Possibilities of prevention T1D, 4. Update on diagnostics of diabetes, 5. New criteria of diabetes control in children, 6. Differential diagnostics of diabetes, and 7. Diabetes technology news.

Nutrition of immature newborn and the practical options of GP

MUDr.Kateřina Bajerová, Ph.D., MUDr.Dan Wechsler

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):228-230  

Preterm babies are at higher risk of insufficient nutrition intake and though of insufficient growth and weight gain. To maintain optimal growth even after the discharge they might require specific nutrition. Current ESPGHAN recommendation for preterm breast fed babies is represented by usage of breast milk combined with breast milk fortifiers if necessary. There are special postdischarge formulas (PDF), which will help the preterm baby to grow optimally. Those formulas contain higher amount of proteins. Nutrition comitee of ESPGHAN recommends feeding by postdischarge formula until the baby is 52 week post conception.

Developmental examination of a newborn

MUDr.Marie Kučerovská, MUDr.Petra Hanáková, doc.MUDr.Hana Ošlejšková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):231-234  

The review deals with a developmental examination of a newborn, its basic methods and correct technique recommendations. It also suggests what to do to diagnose a possible pathology in time. The developmental assessment in such an early stage cannot be separated from the neurological assessment as such, so the presentation is complex and it includes an aggregating term “neurodevelopmental examination”. The text focuses mainly on practical use in paediatrician’s office.

Evaluation and treatment of children with suspected gastroesophageal reflux disease

MUDr.Ondřej Hradský, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):235-238  

Work-up of children with suspected gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been dramatically changed recently. Multichannel intraluminal impedance and 24h pH study become the most important diagnostic procedure. Now, ultrasound and barium contrast studies are not recommended for the diagnosis of GERD. Because no optimal diagnostic method exists, the work-up has to be adapted according to leading symptom. Proton pump inhibitors are very useful in treatment of GERD in patients where acid reflux is responsible for symptoms. We have not suitable treatment option for pediatric patients with non-acid reflux related symptoms.

Polycythemia of the newborn

MUDr.Jiří Havránek

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):240-241  

Polycythemia of the newborn is defined as a central venous hematocrit > 65%. Although the incidence, pathophysiology and clinical manifestation are well known, the management of polycythemia is still controversial. PET (partial exsanguination transfusion) is the most questionable item.

Developmental language disorders

Mgr.Irena Preissová

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):242-243  

Developmental language disorders is a group of speech disorders that arise during fetal development in the perinatal period, postnatal period of a child in its 1st year of age, or are specific individual periods during the speech development of the individual. If they are not diagnosed successfully right in time, they may persist or worsen in the next period up to adulthood. State of verbal communication affects the child´s optimal mental development, attained education and his/her future career choice.

Malrotation in childhood

MUDr.Magdalena Šimsová, prof.MUDr.Jiří Šnajdauf, DrSc., doc.MUDr.Michal Rygl, Ph.D., prof.MUDr.Richard Škába, CSc., MUDr.Karel Pýcha, MUDr.Jana Kalousová, MUDr.Vladimír Mixa, Ph.D., MUDr.Zdeněk Hříbal

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):244-247  

Malrotation is defined as a disorder of the normal rotation of the small and large intestine. It may manifest clinically, and obviously will do so, in neonatal age as an acute abdominal episode or duringe infancy and older age, especially in preschool age, as a passage disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. 25 % of all patients are those of higher age then preschoolers. This patology is generally associated with the principle that the earlier clinical manifestation, the more favorable perioperative and postoperative long – term outcomes. Significant development of prenatal diagnostics currently facilitates early detection of congenital...

Grief and mourning in child

MUDr.Iva Dudová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):248-251  

Children’s reaction to death of a close person and the process of mourning is influenced by the state of their development. The article deals with the progress in children’s understanding of death until the mature concept of death is achieved. It clarifies stages of the mourning process in children and points out risk behaviour related to particular stages of mourning and possibility of the development of psychiatrical disorders. Case report illustrates a complicated postponed mourning in adolescent patient after the loss of her father.

Claude Bernard-Horner syndrome - the risk of vena jugularis interna cathetrisation

doc.MUDr.Michal Hladík, Ph.D., MUDr.Jiří Duda, MUDr.Tomáš Zaoral, MUDr.Peter Kordoš, MUDr.Hana Medřická

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):253-254  

Claude Bernard-Horner syndrome, consisting of ipsilateral miosis, upper eye lid ptosis and enophtalmos, is a rare complication following insertion of a central venous catheter. We describe a case of three-year-old boy, in whom right-sided ptosis and miosis occured after percutanous insertion of dialysis catheter in ipsilateral internal jugular vein.

Assessment of medical fitness of athlet with severe growth retardation

MUDr.Dalibor Pastucha, Ph.D., MBA, MUDr.Marek Kocvrlich, MUDr.Jiří Hyjánek, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):255-256  

The aim of this case report is to introduce the issue of growth retardation in childhood in a prepubertal top-level athlete. A 12-year-old boy, an artistic gymnast and the Czech champion in the category of pupils, was examined as part of a preventive medical check-up of athletes at the Department of Exercise Medicine and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation of the Olomouc University Hospital. On examination, a significant growth retardation was found; subsequently, laboratory tests excluded hormonal or chronic disease. At the end of the medical check-up it was recommended to temporarily stop the intense strength top-level sporting activity of a competitive...

Abdominal injury in children

MUDr.Štěpánka Bibrová, Ph.D., MUDr.Jiří Tůma, CSc., MUDr.Bronislav Hnilička, prof.MUDr.Ladislav Plánka, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):257-258  

Abdominal injuries in childhood are among serious and, not uncommonly, life-threatening conditions. They are often a part of polytrauma and associated injuries in which trauma to abdominal organs may be overlooked. In childhood, blunt abdominal injuries significantly prevail over open injuries. The present case reports demonstrate cases that are less common, whether in terms of the etiology of injury, diagnosis or treatment and consequences.

The care quality evaluated by parents of child-patients

Mgr.Dana Valušová, doc.PhDr.Darja Jarošová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):267-269  

Aim: The aim of the work was to determine how the quality of nursing care is evaluated by parents of child patients hospitalized in Ostrava hospitals. Methodology: The survey group was comprised of 227 respondents, there of 71 parents from University Hospital Ostrava, 90 from Municipal Hospital Ostrava, 66 respondents were from Vítkovice hospital. The survey was carried out by standardized evaluation tool of Picker’s dimensions of quality, modified by for persons accompanying hospitalized child patients. Results: In all studied hospitals assess quality of care parents mostly as good. The problem areas included noisiness at night time,...

Child accidents involving plants and mushrooms

MUDr.Hana Rakovcová

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):262-264  

Accidents involving ingestion of parts of plants in the home or in the outdoor setting are a typical issue in children, particularly toddlers. Consultations for plant poisoning have accounted for 10% to 11% of the total volume for many years. In children up to 15 years of age, plants as a reason for consultation account for 18%, in older patients they constitute 3%. House plants are particularly associated with leaf ingestion, garden plants with fruit or flower ingestion. Teenagers abuse Jimson weed seeds or, less frequently, small Psilocybin mushrooms for their hallucinogenic effects. Mushrooms are a separate, small, but much feared chapter...

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia - medical hazard of a fire-eaters

prof.MUDr.Vladimír Mihál, CSc., prof.MUDr.František Kopřiva, Ph.D., MUDr.Kamila Michálková

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):265-266  

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia is an uncommon condition caused by inhalation or aspiration of a fatty substance. Authors present a rare case of acute exogenous lipoid pneumonia in a 16-year old fire-eater who aspired fatty substance during his flame-blowing show. Diagnosis was made on the basis of a history of oily substance exposure, clinical data and radiological findings.

Lokální léčba povrchního infantilního hemangiomu propranololem

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):260  

(Ne)známá vaskulitida?

prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Doležel, CSc., MUDr. Eva Kocánová, MUDr. Magdalena Rohanová, MUDr. Zuzana Strašáková

Pediatr. praxi. 2013;14(4):261