Psycho-social dimension of quality of life of an adolescent with chronic disease type 1 diabetes mellitusCase report

PhDr. Iveta Ondriová, PhD., PhDr. Terézia Fertaľová, PhD., PhDr. Jana Cinová, PhD.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):134-136 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.029  

Diabetes mellitus T1DM is a disease that has an increasing prevalence worldwide not only in the adult population but also in children. The problem is not only the treatment of the disease itself, but also its psychosocial consequences. Every chronic illness represents a significant intervention not only in the patient's quality of life, but in his entire family. The aim of the case study is to describe, analyze and interpret the case (adolescent with T1DM) with a focus on its psycho-social dimension of quality of life.

Wireless technologies for children with hearing loss from early childhood to pre-school age (parents experience)Case report

Mgr. Bc. Kristýna Gábová, Ing. Mgr. Zdeněk Meier, Ph.D., prof. Ing. Mgr. et Mgr. Peter Tavel, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):130-133 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.028  

The article discusses wireless technologies for children with hearing aids or cochlear implants to improve spoken language understanding in acoustically challenging environments. It focuses on early childhood and preschool age, when these technologies are still rarely used despite their benefit. The aim of this study is to explore parents' experiences and to bring these to the attention of Czech paediatricians and other professionals caring for children with hearing loss. Nine semi-structured interviews with parents of children under the age of six with experience of wireless technologies were selected from a wider survey with 42 parents of children...

Who takes care of that belly?Case report

MUDr. Hana Smítková

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):127-129  

The case report of a 9-year-old girl who was hospitalized at the pediatric clinic for an abdominal pain. Less common and difficult-to-determine reason of her illness pointing out the need for a multidisciplinary approach to the diagnosis assessment.

A case report of Noonan´s syndrome with pulmonary valvar stenosisCase report

MUDr. Alžběta Palátová, doc. MUDr. Eva Klásková, Ph.D., MUDr. Sabina Kaprálová

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):124-126 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.026  

Noonan syndrome is a genetic disorder characterised by short stature, typical facial dysmorphology and congenital heart defects. It is clasified in the group of diseases called RASopathies. A case of infant with pulmonary stenosis suffering from failure to thrive is discussed. It was found out that Noonan syndrome was the cause. Current knowledge of etiology, diagnostics and prevalence of Noonan syndrom in children with pulmonary stenosis is discussed.

Manifestations of pathological changes in teeth and orofacial region in celiac diseaseCase report

prof. MUDr. Andrej Jenča, CSc., MUDr. Janka Jenčová, PhD., doc. MUDr. Milan Kuchta, CSc., MUDr. Adriána Petrášová, PhD.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):120-123  

Celiac disease is a lifelong intolerance to gluten which is found in basic cereals as well as in a number of commonly consumed foods. Celiac disease is a condition which is increasingly manifested in a subclinical or oligosymptomatic form or by atypical symptoms. In patients with celiac disease, tooth enamel problems are relatively common, particularly affecting the permanent dentition. They often present with discoloration - off-white, yellow, or with brown spots on the teeth, defective enamel formation, small depressions, or cascading appearance. These defects are symmetrical and most commonly occur in the incisors and molars. Material and method:...

Measles - current epidemiological situation in the Czech Republic and possibilities of preventionReview articles

MUDr. Monika Liptáková, MUDr. Zdenka Manďáková, Mgr. Simona Repelová, MUDr. Radomíra Limberková, MUDr. Jan Kynčl, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):115-119  

Measles are one of the most severe viral diseases of childhood. Severe course of illness can be seen also in susceptible adults. Measles are vaccine-preventable, but decreasing vaccine coverage due to postponing or refusal of vaccination starts to be a problem. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there were almost zero measles cases reported in the Czech Republic, however, it is expected that a measles reoccurrence will appear once COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions are lifted. Targeted antiviral therapy is not available, so vaccination is the only preventable measure for measles.

Celiac disease in childhood - what symptoms to be aware of, how to diagnose and treat itReview articles

MUDr. Miloš Geryk, MUDr. Eva Karásková, Ph.D., MUDr. Mária Velgáňová-Véghová

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):112-114  

Celiac disease is an immune-related intestinal disease that develops in genetically predisposed people after repeated ingestion of gliadin (part of gluten). In Europe, about 1% of the population is affected by this disease. The most common symptoms are abdominal pain, diarrhoea and growth failure. According to the new recommendations, the diagnosis of celiac disease can be made only on the basis of the results of serological tests. Nevertheless, some children still have to undergo upper endoscopy with a small bowel biopsy. The therapy for celiac disease is a gluten-free diet, which excludes products containing wheat, barley, rye or oats. Celiac disease...

Photoprotection of sunburnt skin in childrenReview articles

doc. MUDr. Karel Ettler, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):108-111  

Ultraviolet radiation contained in the solar spectrum can damage children's skin by acute burns, but it can also trigger changes leading to adulthood skin cancer. The amount of sun exposure depends on the intensity and duration of the exposure, the time of day and season, the geographical location and altitude, the mode of activity, as well as the age and phototype of the child. UV protection consists of staying in the shade, wearing photoprotective clothes and applying sunscreens to unprotected skin. Sun-damaged skin should be treated as a burn with prevention further sun exposure.

Helpful advice from the field of medical assessment service for the general paediatricianReview articles

MUDr. Jiří Havránek

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):104-107 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.021  

The aim of this article is to provide the best possible guidance for the general paediatrician on how to proceed when processing parents' claims for social benefits. By reading and understanding all the basic principles which a health assessment doctor must follow in accordance with methodological guidelines, the general paediatrician should become a well-informed advisor who, on the one hand, will be able to explain and justify the constraints a health assessment doctor faces, but on the other hand, will obtain enough information in order to be of real assistance in case the parents had no idea that they could be eligible for social benefits related...

MaskneReview articles

MUDr. Zuzana Nevoralová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):100-103  

Maskne is defined as acne, which newly emerged or worsened in connection with a usage of face protection equipment (FPE). It is a form of mechanic acne developed as a result of permanent contact and friction between textiles and skin. A prolonged usage of FPE causes in addition a hot and humid microclimate on a skin surface, which modifies a sebum production and subsequently a microbial balance is impaired. Maskne is situated on an area covered by FPE or in an "O" zone, more often on a chin than on cheeks. Most often mild forms of acne are present with papules, comedones and seborrhoea. More severe forms (big papules, nodules) are caused by worsening...

The most common motor stereotypes in childhoodReview articles

MUDr. Lydie Koumarová

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):97-99  

Motor stereotypes (MS) are classified as hyperkinetic movement disorders. They are manifested by repetitive, rhythmic, seemingly free movements with a typical beginning in early childhood. They are divided into two groups, primary and physiological, which we observe in children with normal development and secondary associated with various disorders of nervous development, such as autism, mental retardation, but also rare genetic syndromes (eg Rettuv sy in girls) Comorbidity with tic disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is common. Provoking factors are typically stress, agitation, but also boredom...

Sleep disorders in pediatric practice, part 2 - parasomnias, sleep disordered breathing, narcolepsyReview articles

doc. MUDr. Iva Příhodová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(2):93-96 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.018  

The second part of the manuscript on pediatric sleep medicine deals with the most frequent parasomnias, sleep disordered breathing and narcolepsy. Parasomnias (somnambulism, sleep terrors, sleep enuresis) have tendency to disappear with age. While nocturnal enuresis represents mostly social problem, somnambulism is connected with increased risk of injury. Obstructive sleep apnea is a type of sleep disordered breathing prevailing in preschool age. Apart from negative influence on cognitive functions and behavior it has an impact on cardiovascular system and metabolic parameters. A significant risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea is obesity. Narcolepsy...

Věřit, že bude zase lépe…Editorial

Vladimír Mihál

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):3  

Overview of regional recommendations for the prevention of food allergyInformation

MUDr. Pavel Frühauf, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):82  

Earlier guidelines recommended avoidance of common food allergens during pregnancy and lactation and delaying the introduction of allergenic foods in children aged between 1 and 3 years. Recent guidelines for allergy prevention recommend diet without eliminating of allergenic foods during pregnancy or breast-feeding. Early introduction of allergenic foods is recommended by most guidelines for allergy prevention after a period of exclusive breast-feeding.

Novorozenecký screening je od ledna rozšířen o další onemocněníInformation

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Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):80-81  

Není vláknina jako vláknina - přehled vlastností a možnosti využití v praxiInformation

PharmDr. Jana Matušková

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):77-78  

Hospitalization through the eyes of pediatric patients - qualitative researchFor nurses

Mgr. Petra Růžičková, Mgr. Eva Hlaváčková, Ph.D., Mgr. Iveta Černohorská

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):73-76 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.015  

Introduction: Children are unique users of health care services. In the context of development that aknowledges children as rights holders, it is important to examine how children experience hospitalization and the hospital care provided to them during hospitalization. Objective: To find out what experience and opinions children hospitalized in the children's ward in the selected hospital have. Methods: Qualitative survey, semi-structured interwievs with children aged 7-13. Results: The experience of children with hospitalization was mostly positive. The key factor for satisfaction is having parents (even older children) and kind nurses (staff) in...

Pityriasis versicolorAt a glance

MUDr. et MUDr. Pavel Konrád

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):68-70  

The article describes pityriasis versicolor, a very common type of skin surface mycosis in younger people. The article clarifies its name, its etiopathogenesis, the most effective therapy currently available and the necessary preventive measures.

Diagnostic significance of intense back pains in spinal involvement of children with chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitisClinicoradiological diagnosis

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál CSc., MUDr. Kateřina Bouchalová Ph.D., MUDr. Jakub Čivrný, MUDr. Radim Formánek

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):63-67 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.013  

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is an uncommon, aseptic, autoinflammatory condition characterized by multifocal bone lesions with pain, swelling, and frequent exacerbations and remissions. CRMO is a diagnosis of exclusion, and its pathogenesis remains unknown. We present a 10-year-old girl who was diagnosed with CRMO after several months of intense back pain with right-sided root sacral syndrome. CT, PET-CT and MRI examination of the spine and sacrum and whole body MRI gave a diagnosis of CRMO. An early treatment with bisphosphonates led to the improvement of clinical and radiological disease activity, and overall status of patient.

Spontaneous pubertal development and menarche in a girl with Turner's syndromeCase report

MUDr. Hana Pražáková

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):60-62 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.012  

Turner syndrome, in its incidence of 1 : 2000, is still a present issue. It is a chromosomal imbalance which affects the female fetus. The paper presents a case of accidental atypical Turner syndrome. Some girls with Turner syndrome may not differ at first sight from their peers significantly. For pediatricians a striking indicator should be a small height of a child. The presented case shows how important is vigilance of practitioners and pediatricians with whom a child comes into contact. Careful monitoring of child growth using the growth charts should not be neglected during the regural check-ups.

Pubertas praecoxCase report

MUDr. Dagmar Slavíčková, MUDr. Stanislava Koloušková CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):57-59 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.011  

In this article we present 2 case reports of siblings with precocious puberty. The aim is to emphasize the importance of carefully performed preventive examinations with early detection of the first signs of precocious puberty.

Anus ventralis - unusual case of obstipation?Case report

MUDr. Barbora Sedláčková, MUDr. Jakub Pecl MBA, MUDr. Jan Šenkyřík, MUDr. Jan Škvařil Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Doležel CSc., MUDr. Petr Jabandžiev Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):52-56 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.010  

We describe the case of a 17year old girl who was repeatedly examined for chronic abdominal pain. Her symptoms met the Rome IV. criteria for functional obstipation and therefore she was recommended the use of osmotic laxatives, régime measures and physiotherapy. However, this therapy brought insufficient effect. For ongoing symptomatology, further diagnostic steps were performed including proctological examination by which anus ventralis was diagnosed. This anorectal malformation represents a condition in which the anal orifice of a normal appearance is shifted in the ventral direction. Clinical symptoms depend on the level of the anal orifice shift....

Osteomyelitis of the cuboid bone in infant caused by toxicogenic golden staphCase report

MUDr. Richard Retamoza, MUDr. Martin Gregora, PharmDr. Eva Šimečková

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):49-51 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.009  

Even nowadays ostemyelitis in childhood poses a great threat due to its potential complications. Up to one-half of all causes affects group of children in the age under 5 years. The most common causal agent is Staphylococcus aures. Total impact of the infection depends both on the imunological status of the individual and virulence factors of the etiologic agent. More severe course of the disease can be expected with the proof of some specific toxicogenic strains of the golden staph. The more early and right antibiotic therapy is important to suppress production of toxins and to prevent their massive release to the circulation of the patient.

Inhalation technique and correct use of inhaler devices in the treatment of asthma bronchiale and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease I. - liquid form inhalers - specifics of childhoodReview articles

PharmDr. Veronika Bárková, PharmDr. Bc. Dana Mazánková, Ph.D., PharmDr. Karel Vašut, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):42-48  

The following article deals with aspects of providing pharmaceutical care in patients with asthma bronchiale and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, for which the pharmacist's knowledge of the correct manipulation technique of inhaler devices is significant. Further, the article presents specific notices to the use of active substances in inhaler form and focuses on the adherence of patients to the treatment using inhalers and its options of support for the patient's treatment by a pharmacist. Furthermore it summarizes all inhalers available on the Czech market containing liquid dosage form (solution and suspension) and for each inhaler presents...

Cesarean section delivery, human milk prebiotics; irreversible impact on gut microbiota, immunity, and healthReview articles

prof. RNDr. Jan Krejsek, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):38-41 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.007  

Pregnancy could be characterized as immune phenomena based on complex modulation of individual immune reactivity of pregnant female. Pregnancy is terminated by the delivery which is physiologically per vaginam given profit for both mother and newborn. Unfortunately, increased prevalence of cesarean section deliveries is evidenced worldwide with many adverse impacts on health of especially newborn. Natural stimuli mediated by the contact with maternal vaginal microbiota are lost. The gradual development of gut microbiota is supported by numerous oligosaccharides (prebiotics) present in mother milk, only. Natural gut microbiota is providing the direct...

Vaccination in pediatric population and critical attitudes of parents to itReview articles

RNDr. Helena Nejezchlebová, Ph.D., doc. RNDr. Alena Žákovská, Ph.D., MVDr. Mgr. Monika Dušková, Ph.D., Bc. Tereza Svěchotová

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):33-36 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.006  

Despite the fact that vaccination plays an essential role in the prevention of infectious diseases, attitudes to this issue are different in our society as well, and historically this has always been the case. At present, even in connection with the current epidemiologi­cal situation, the Czech society is struggling relatively significantly with the phenomenon of criticism and refusal of vaccination. There can be many reasons: people have lost awareness that vaccination protects against diseases that still threaten and can be very serious or even fatal; uncertainties about the benefits of vaccination and risk concerns; preference of disease prevention...

Facultative Respiratory Pathogens in Children in the Context of Anti-epidemic MeasuresReview articles

MUDr. Zuzana Blechová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):28-32 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.005  

The epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal and meningococcal infections in children is, in addition to uncontrollable risk factors, dependent on the spread of bacteria in the community. Anti-epidemic measures seem to reduce the incidence of some infections; however, their serious potential remains unchanged. Despite the challenging and altered conditions, it is necessary to maintain and increase the vaccination coverage of in the entire pediatric population, especially in at-risk individuals.

Social, psychological and health effects of wearing face masks in childrenReview articles

doc. MUDr. Karel Ettler CSc., Mgr. Jitka Ludvíková, MUDr. Veronika Wertzová Ph.D., Ing. Bc. Katarína Zelová Ph.D., doc. Ing. Antonín Havelka CSc., Ing. Miroslav Tichý, Ing. Marie Vrbová

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):22-27 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.004  

Facial drapes can cause a wide range of problems in children with skin difficulties, not only health, but also social and psychological. Based on a questionnaire survey of 50 children with skin problems (and 76 pupils without dermatological treatment), the adverse effects of wearing veils, which related to limitations in everyday life, communication disorders with others and unpleasant feelings on the facial skin, were evaluated. All respondents agreed that the veils bothered in all activities, however, more schoolchildren without skin problems. The summer hot weather was the worst for all of them, and the fastening of the veils behind the ears was...

Physiotherapeutic view of cervical spine pain and headaches in childrenReview articles

Mgr. Eliška Maixnerová Ph.D., Mgr. Veronika Kristková, Mgr. Jiří Kudláček, Mgr. Filip Javůrek, prof. RNDr. Miroslav Janura Dr.

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):18-20 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.003  

Physiotherapists are increasingly encountering children with neck or head pain in their practice. There are many reasons for these pains. The literature named as predisposing factor for headaches and neck pain poor head posture. Structural defects and other diseases must be excluded as part of the differential diagnosis of these problems. Kinesiological analysis should consist of exami­nation of posture, especially the head, neck, shoulders and chest. In addition to physiotherapeutic methods, it is appropriate to reduce the use of modern technologies as prevention. It is also important to include adequate physical activity, because regular physical...

Inflammatory bowel disease in children - part 2: treatment and complicationsReview articles

MUDr. Nabil El-Lababidi

Pediatr. praxi. 2022;23(1):13-17 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2022.002  

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory illnesses affecting the gastrointestinal tract. While the first part of this paper focused on IBD from aetiology to establishing the diagnosis, this part focuses on treatment and complications of IBD. Treatment should be guided by ESPGHAN (European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition) guidelines. Treatment goals consist of reaching and maintaining remission. This can be achieved in case of Crohn's disease (CD) with nutritional intervention, in addition to pharmacotherapy and in certain indicated cases with surgical intervention. Stricture formations and fistulas...