Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency as a first sign in toddler with cystic fibrosis with negative newborn screening - a case studyCase report

MUDr. Zuzana Michnová, PhD., MBA, doc. MUDr. Zuzana Havlíčeková, PhD., MUDr. Marek Pršo, PhD., MUDr. Michaela Matiščáková, MUDr. Jaroslav Fábry, PhD., prof. MUDr. Peter Bánovčin, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(2):105-108 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.022  

The cause of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is inadequate secretion of pancreatic enzymes or premature inactivation or inadequate activation in the bowel. The main cause is chronic pancreatitis and cystitic fibrosis. Clinical manifestations of pancreatic malabsorption are weight loss, steatorrhea with diarrehea, azotorhhea, loss of serum albumin and proteins. Cystic fibrosis is the most common autosomal recessive disease of the Caucasian population characterised by chronic multi-organ impairment. Early diagnosis and multi-professional centre care is necessery for optimal management and improved quality of life and survival of patients. The authors...

Wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxisCase report

MUDr. Barbara Mílková

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(2):102-104 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.021  

Wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) is a rare but potentially serious food allergy in which anaphylaxis develops if food containing wheat is consumed within 4 hours before or shortly after physical activity. While its consumption is tolerated by the patient under other circumstances. In addition to physical exertion, some other cofactors can contribute to its development.

Kloubní hypermobilita a Gorlinovo znameníOrbis Pictus Medicus

prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Doležel, CSc., MUDr. Jana Šťastná, Ph.D., MUDr. Blanka Pinková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(2):100-101 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.020  

Risky behaviour of children and youth and health risksReview articles

prof. PhDr. Ingrid Emmerová, PhD.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(2):96-99 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.019  

The paper presents the current state of risky and problem behaviour of children and youth, with a particular focus on health risks in the Slovak Republic. It presents selected results of a research which was carried out by questionnaire method among primary and secondary school teachers in Slovakia. The paper points out the necessity of prevention and its implementers, including the possibilities of paediatricians in this area.

Management of care of newborns of mothers with thyreopathiesReview articles

MUDr. Alice Mocková, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Renata Pomahačová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(2):92-95 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.018  

Thyreopathies in women of child bearing age are among the most common endocrinological diseases. Unrecognized or inadequately treated female thyroid disease scan cause infertility, complications in pregnancy and, last but not least, negatively affect the development of the fetus, especially its metabolic processes and the function of the central nervous system. Abnormal levels of maternal and subsequently fetal thyroid hormones in the prenatal period can cause irreversible changes in the newborn, affecting its physical and mental development. The aim of this article is to highlight the most common maternal thyreopathies, especially those of autoimmune...

Congenital hemangioma - diagnostics and therapyReview articles

MUC. Tereza Chudašová, prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(2):88-90 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.017  

Congenital hemangioma is a rare benign vascular tumor which we may have trouble differentiating from other vascular lesions or tumors. Most of the time, it is mistaken for infantile hemangioma, which has its differences not only in its natural history and development, but most importatly in treatment. In this article, we will describe its clinical description, diagnostic options and correct therapeutical procedures. Furthermore, we mention complications which should not be forgotten about in our clinical practices.

Parenteral nutrition in neonatology II - macronutrients and energyReview articles

MUDr. Peter Korček, Ph.D., MUDr. Zuzana Korčeková

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(2):79-85 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.016  

The second part of the neonatal parenteral nutrition series focuses on macronutrients and energy. Macronutrients provide the primary nutritional source of energy and can be classified into proteins, fats (lipids), and sugars (carbohydrates). In neonatal parenteral nutrition, proteins are provided in the form of amino acids, sugars in the form of glucose, and fats are administered in the form of intravenous lipid emulsions. Evaluating the condition of a newborn and biochemical monitoring of macronutrient intake are essential for optimizing nutrient delivery and preventing serious complications.

Immunotherapy options for type 1 diabetes in children and adolescentsReview articles

doc. MUDr. Štěpánka Průhová, Ph.D., MUDr. Barbora Berka, MUDr. Vít Neuman, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Šumník, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(2):75-78 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.015  

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease leading to the gradual destruction of beta cells and subsequent development of diabetes. Immunotherapy aims to stop the process of destruction and prevent or modify the rate of diabetes. Clinical trials have tested the effect of various agents to stop the autoimmune process. Treatment can be divided into antigenic, biological and supportive. In antigenic treatment, for example, the GAD-Alum, presenting the GAD autoantigen, or orally administered insulin are being tested. Biologic therapy includes agents that affect regulatory T lymphocytes, reduce autoimmune inflammation, and reduce the number and phenotype...

Why consider screening for preclinical stages of type 1 diabetes in children?Review articles

MUDr. Barbora Berka, MUDr. Vít Neuman, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Štěpánka Průhová, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Šumník, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(2):71-74 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.014  

Type one diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common chronic pediatric diseases with continuously increasing incidence. Approximately one third of newly diagnosed children suffer from diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). In this article we would like to introduce the βetty project, a pilot T1D screening programme that detects T1D in its early preclinical stages and effectively prevents DKA at T1D onset. The screening can be offered to children from 2 to 18 years of age and is based on T1D specific autoantibody detection in capillary blood.

Také běžím pomaluEditorial

Pavel Frühauf

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(2):67  

Rodiče vždy a všude (Dycky rodič!)Editorial

Luděk Ryba

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(1):3-4  

Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disordersInformation

MUDr. Pavel Frühauf, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(1):62  

Eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases are chronic, immune-mediated disorders characterized clinically by gastrointestinal symptoms and histologically by a pathologic increase in eosinophil-predominant inflammation in specific regions of the GI tract, in the absence of secondary causes of eosinophilia.

Evaluation of oral intake in the premature infantFor nurses

Mgr. Jakub Tatarka

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(1):58-61 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.011  

Readiness for oral feeding is a complex concept. More evidence is currently needed on how to approach the initiation of oral feeding of preterm infants. Various oral readiness assessment tools, clinical tests and protocols have been developed to advance feeding. These methods are used by nursing staff, especially pediatric nurses but also by caring parents and their intention is to help initiate and subsequently facilitate the progression of oral intake. Recognizing and support the oral readiness of the preterm infant can reduce the length of hospitalization and have a positive impact on reducing health care costs. Supporting effective, stimulus-based...

Staphylococcal pyomyositis of the thigh muscle during induction therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemiaClinicoradiological diagnosis

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr. Barbora Ludíková, Ph.D., MUDr. Zbyněk Novák, MUDr. Bohumil Zálešák, Ph.D., MUDr. Lenka Bakaj-Brožková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(1):53-57 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.010  

Primary pyomyositis is a purulent infection of the skeletal muscle often with abscess formation, which arises from a haematogenous infection. Primary infections usually have a subacute onset and most commonly affect one muscle group of the lower limb or the muscles of the hip and pelvis. We present a 16-year-old type I diabetic with with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Aggressive induction chemotherapy was complicated by febrile neutropenia on day 6. The patient reported right thigh adductor pain on walking, and we observed phlegmonous skin changes resembling a subcutaneous hematoma. We summarize the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures...

Unilateral laterothoracic exanthema (ULTE) - case report of a 10-year-old boy with unilateral exanthema of unknown etiologyCase report

MUDr. Barbara Ivanková, MBA, MUDr. Alexander Halagovec, DrSc., doc. MUDr. Veronika Vargová, PhD., doc. MUDr. Janette Baloghová, PhD.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(1):49-52 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.009  

Unilatheral Laterothoracic Exnthema (ULTE), also known as asymetrical periflexular exanthema of childhood (APEC), is a disorder of unknown aetiology. However, it has been associated with viral infections, such as Epstein-Barr virus, parvovirus 19 and SARS-CoV-2 infection. It is characterized by unilateral papular exanthema with mild pruritus, that is prevalent in children. Treatment is symptomatic with resolution at 2-6 weeks. The authors present case report of a 10-year-old patient with symptoms of ULTE, supplemented by histology examination of skin manifestations.

Trend in the treatment of umbilical pathologies in childhoodCase report

MUDr. Jana Hrubovčáková, MUDr. Jan Škvařil, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(1):45-47 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.003  

The aim of this study is to evaluate the trend in the treatment of pediatric umbilical pathologies with a focus on residual urachus and to propose an optimal therapeutic procedure.

Mothers' awareness of oligosaccharides in breast milkReview articles

Ing. Štěpánka Dvořáková, doc. Ing. Šárka Musilová, Ph.D., Ing. Nikol Modráčková, Ph.D., Ing. Mgr. Anna Žabová

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(1):40-44 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.007  

Human milk is a vital source of over 200 oligosaccharide structures contributing significantly to newborn development. Despite their essential role, these oligosaccharides often go unnoticed. Human milk oligosaccharides offer several benefits, including prebiotic, antiadhesive, and antimicrobial properties. They also play a crucial role in developing of a child's nervous system and immunity. The aim of the study was to summarize and map the knowledge of prospective mothers through a questionnaire survey on the benefits of breastfeeding, breast milk, and especially its oligosaccharides. The survey included 15 questions with educational passages. Eight...

Differential diagnosis of alopetia in children and adolescentsReview articles

MUDr. Barbara Ivanková, MBA, MUDr. Hana Juhásová, doc. MUDr. Janette Baloghová, PhD.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(1):32-38 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.006  

Alopetia in children and adolescents is a common worrying problem that we encounter in primary pediatric care environment and has heterogeneous causes. Early diagnosis and treatment are key in pedaitric population due to the significant psychosocial impact. The most common causes of hair loss in the pediatric population include alopetia areata, tinea capitis, congenital alopetia, trichotylomania and hair cycle disorders. In this review, the autors present a basic diagnostic algorithm that can help the pediatrician to focus on the causes of hair loss, supplement basic laboratory tests and refer patient to the approprite specialist. Alopetia management...

Arterial hypertension and its diagnosis in the hands of a general practitioner for children and adolescentsReview articles

MUDr. Iris Kleinová, MUDr. Hana Flögelová, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(1):28-31 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.005  

Review article on the possibilities of diagnosing hypertension in children in primary care. Various methods of blood pressure measurement, clinical pressure measured in the doctor's office, home blood pressure measurement and ambulatory 24-hour blood pressure monitoring are presented. It is emphasized that each of these methods has slightly different "normal values" and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are given. Furthermore we present the most important causes of hypertension and basic examination methods for its diagnosis.

Parenteral nutrition in neonatology I - water and electrolytesReview articles

MUDr. Peter Korček, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(1):22-26 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.004  

Parenteral nutrition is an integral part of comprehensive care for preterm infants, very low birth weight or critically ill infants, or those unable to take oral nutrition. The composition of parenteral nutrition should be individually tailored for each patient based on their current health status and taking into account possible complications. It is administered until the patient is capable of taking oral nutrition in an amount sufficient to meet nutritional needs. The following series of articles aims to introduce the individual components of parenteral nutrition and the practical significance of individualized parenteral nutrition in neonatology...

Complex regional pain syndrome in children and adolescentsReview articles

doc. PhDr. Lucie Sikorová, Ph.D., PhDr. Renáta Zoubková, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(1):19-21 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.008  

Complex regional pain syndrome is characterized by pain in combination with sensory, autonomic, trophic and motor abnormalities. Depending on the severity of the symptoms, functional disorders develop, school life, family and social life deteriorates.The most common precipitating cause in children and adolescents is an injury to the lower limb. It occurs with a higher frequency in girls. The article summarizes information about the issue of complex regional pain syndrome in children and adolescents and emphasizes that early diagnosis, treatment and care by a multidisciplinary team increase the success of the treatment process.

Differential diagnosis of chronic coughReview articles

MUDr. Václav Koucký, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(1):12-18 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.002  

A chronic cough is defined by its duration (more than 4-8 weeks). It is a relatively common symptom in children and requires careful evaluation, as it may indicate a serious chronic disease. The examination procedure is primarily based on a detailed evaluation of the patient's history and a physical examination, during which we look for symptoms pointing to a specific cause of the cough, or clearly defined disease. The second-line tests are chosen individually based on the suspected etiology of cough arising from the first-line examinations. Among the additional examinations, chest X-ray, spirometry with bronchomotor tests, sputum examination and allergy...

Obesity in childhood and adolescenceReview articles

MUDr. Petra Paterová, doc. MUDr. Renata Pomahačová, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Josef Sýkora, Ph.D.

Pediatr. praxi. 2024;25(1):9-11 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2024.001  

In the overview article, we will deal with the diagnosis of childhood overweight and obesity, the differential diagnosis of childhood obesity, and we will focus on new findings in the regulation of eating behavior. We will summarize the complications of this metabolic disease and mention the options for treating childhood obesity.

Abstrakta: 10. kongres Pediatrie pro praxi v Plzni / 24.–25. listopadu 2023Abstracts

Společnost SOLEN, s. r. o., ve spolupráci s Dětskou klinikou FN Plzeň

Pediatr. praxi. 2023;24(Suppl.G)  

Abstrakta: 9. kongres Pediatrie pro praxi v Praze / 20.–21. října 2023Supplementum

Společnost SOLEN, s. r. o., ve spolupráci s Pediatrickým oddělením Fakultní nemocnice Bulovka, Praha

Pediatr. praxi. 2023;24(Suppl.F)  

Abstrakta: 8. kongres Pediatrie pro praxi v Hradci Králové / 26.–27. května 2023Supplementum

Společnost SOLEN, s. r. o., ve spolupráci s Dětskou klinikou FN Hradec Králové

Pediatr. praxi. 2023;24(Suppl.E)  

Abstrakta: KONGRES PEDIATRŮ A DĚTSKÝCH SESTER – 39. dny praktické a nemocniční pediatrie / 12.–13. května 2023Supplementum

SOLEN, s. r. o., ve spolupráci s Dětskou klinikou LF UP v Olomouci, Šancí Olomouc, o. p. s.

Pediatr. praxi. 2023;24(Suppl.D)  

Moderní léčba atopické dermatitidy – zkušenosti z reálné praxeSupplementum

doc. MUDr. Miloslav Salavec, CSc.

Pediatr. praxi. 2023;24(Suppl.C)  

Abstrakta: 2. kongres Pediatrie pro praxi v Českých Budějovicích / 17.–18. března 2023Supplementum

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Pediatr. praxi. 2023;24(Suppl.B)  

Abstrakta: 9. kongres Pediatrie pro praxi v Ostravě / 17.–18. února 2023Supplementum

SOLEN, s. r. o., ve spolupráci s Klinikou dětského lékařství Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava a Lékařské fakulty Ostravské univerzity

Pediatr. praxi. 2023;24(Suppl.A)