Pediatrics for Practice - Latest articles
Results 1 to 30 of 408:
Dětské duševní zdraví v krizi: změny systému nelze dále odkládatEditorial
doc. MUDr. Michal Goetz, Ph.D.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(2):75
Cavernous hemangioma of the small intestine in a child as a cause of anemia - a case reportCase report
MUDr. Andrej Sipták, MUDr. Jan Škvařil, Ph.D.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(2):131-134 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.021
Vascular tumors are the most common soft tissue neoplasms and account for approximately 7-11% of all benign tumors. However, hemangiomas of the gastrointestinal system are very rare and occur in 0.05% of all gastrointestinal tumors. In this article, we present a case report of a 5.5-year-old boy admitted to the Pediatric Department for anemia syndrome with a hemoglobin value of 39 g/l. After repeated transfusions and stabilization of the condition, an abdominal sonography was performed, followed by CT and MRI with the finding of multilocular expansion of cystic appearance in the left half of the abdomen. The patient was then transferred to the surgical...
What I see, I rememberCase report
prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Doležel, CSc., MUDr. Zdeňka Ráčilová, MUDr. Marie Slunská, MUDr. Tomáš Jimramovský
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(2):126-130 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.020
The current spectrum of imaging modalities used in pediatrics is broad and significantly contributes to a clear diagnosis. Regardless of the child's age, ultrasonography is most often used, allowing not only the actual imaging, but also relatively accurate measurement of some selected organ structures. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are methods with high resolution, and prior agreement between the pediatrician and radiologist on their rational use in individual patients is always appropriate. Taking into account the fact that the pediatrician usually receives the results of imaging examinations in printed form, the authors of the...
Haemophilus influenzae serotype a as a cause of purulent meningitis in a six-month-old infantCase report
prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc., MUDr. Marie Rohanová, MUDr. Andrea Lysáková, Mgr. Pavla Kučová, Ph.D.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(2):122-125 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.019
Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) has historically been the most significant pathogen causing invasive infections. In recent decades, an increase in the incidence of other Haemophilus influenzae serotypes has been observed, particularly serotypes e+ f, as well as, most notably, invasive infections caused by non-typeable strains. Invasive disease caused by Hia, similarly to Hib, affects primarily young children and represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. To better understand the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Hia, epidemiological studies and active microbiological surveillance of invasive disease across...
The phenomenon of nonsuicidal self-injury - how can we help effectively? - Part 2: Guiding and accompanying our patients towards recoveryReview articles
MUDr. Michaela Chmelíková
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(2):114-121
This section of the text is dedicated to the principles of effective approaches to individuals who self-harm and to the available treatment options (psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy), as recently recommended in the professional literature and as they have proven effective in psychiatric and psychotherapeutic practice. It places particular emphasis on the practical applicability of the presented knowledge in everyday outpatient psychiatric settings. Therefore, it focuses especially on interventions or educational resources that can be directly offered or recommended to patients, their families, or close ones within time-limited conditions. As an example...
Approaches to the early detection of kratom use in pediatric primary care and clinical management of suspected risky useReview articles
MUDr. Martin Haša
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(2):108-113 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.018
Kratom is a plant-derived psychoactive substance that has been used for centuries in traditional medicine in Southeast Asia and as an alternative to other addictive substances. During the past 15 years, its use has increased substantially, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Kratom use may be associated with significant health risks, including the development of dependence. This article aims to provide an overview of key information on kratom and to focus on strategies for early identification in pediatric primary care, including recommended clinical responses to suspected risky or dependent use.
Assessment of kidney function in pediatric outpatient practiceReview articles
MUDr. Patrik Konopásek, Ph.D.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(2):103-107 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.017
Assessment of renal parameters is a routine part of laboratory testing in both outpatient and inpatient pediatric practice. However, the interpretation of laboratory findings is not always straightforward. This may lead to uncertainty regarding further management and, in some cases, to referral to a pediatric nephrologist even in patients with normal kidney function. The aim of this article is to provide outpatient pediatricians with a practical overview of methods for assessing renal function using endogenous markers, including the principles of their correct interpretation.
Dizziness and balance disorders in childhood - practical approach of a pediatricianReview articles
prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Čada, Ph.D.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(2):97-101 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.016
Dizziness and balance disorders in childhood are relatively less common symptoms compared with the adult population; nevertheless, they may represent a significant clinical problem. The diagnosis of vertigo in children is complicated by the fact that children are often unable to describe their symptoms accurately, and the manifestations may be masked or misinterpreted for a prolonged period. Balance disorders in childhood may have a benign etiology; however, in some cases they can be a manifestation of serious neurological disease. This article summarizes a practical approach to the child presenting with dizziness, with a focus on decision-making processes...
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and modern systemic therapy of plexiform neurofibromasReview articles
doc. MUDr. Michal Zápotocký, Ph.D., MUDr. Klára Vejmělková, Ph.D.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(2):90-96 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.015
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare monogenic, multisystem disorder with a heterogeneous clinical phenotype and a lifelong risk of complications, including neoplastic complications. It affects approximately 1 in 3,000 live births, and in most patients the diagnostic criteria are fulfilled in early childhood. Plexiform neurofibromas (PN) occur in 30-50% of individuals with NF1 and may cause pain, disfigurement, neurological deficits, or organ compression. In recent years, treatment options for symptomatic, inoperable PN have changed substantially with the introduction of the MEK inhibitor selumetinib. This article summarizes current diagnostic...
Red eye in children: a focus on chronic conditions - a practical guide for pediatriciansReview articles
MUDr. Marta Korbasová
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(2):81-87 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.014
Red eye in children is a common reason for visiting a pediatrician and encompasses a wide spectrum of conditions, ranging from benign cases to serious, vision-threatening pathologies. The most common causes are common acute conjunctivitis of bacterial or viral origin, often associated with a systemic infection in the child, or acute allergic eye symptoms. Chronic red eye is usually caused by a group of chronic allergic conjunctivitis or blepharitis and their complications. These conditions are characterized by their persistence; children return with recurring symptoms, and if not properly diagnosed and treated, they can lead to permanent eye damage...
Atypical forms of invasive meningococcal diseaseReview articles
Mgr. Zuzana Okonji, MUDr. Pavla Křížová, CSc., MUDr. Vyacheslav Grebenyuk, MUDr. Milan Trojánek, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Jan David, Ph.D.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(2):78-80 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.013
The diagnosis of invasive meningococcal disease is often challenging, particularly due to the rapid progression of this life-threatening disease. Cases with predominantly atypical symptoms are even more complicated. These may include pneumonia or pleuritis, perimyocarditis, conjunctivitis, urethritis, arthritis or abdominal symptoms. These less common forms have come to the forefront of attention following the COVID-19 pandemic, as they are beginning to appear more frequently in some countries. The epidemiological situation in the Czech Republic currently appears favourable; however, careful monitoring and vaccination against this disease remain essential.
Vzpomínka na profesora Jiřího ŠnajdaufaNecrology
prof. MUDr. Jan Starý, DrSc.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(1):70
Když se z očkování stane kulturní válka, prohrávají dětiEditorial
prof. MUDr. Roman Prymula, CSc., Ph.D.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(1):3
Assessing parents' needs in the context of paediatric palliative careFor nurses
Mgr. Petra Růžičková, doc. PhDr. Radka Bužgová, Ph.D.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(1):65-69 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.011
Paediatric palliative care aims to ensure the highest possible quality of life not only for the sick child, but also for their family. It requires specific knowledge and skills and differs significantly from the care provided to adult patients. Assessing parents' needs is key to providing individualized care and helps identify priority areas where parents need help and support. This review study aimed to map and analyse the scope and nature of the needs of parents caring for a child with a life-limiting or life-threatening illness. The results highlighted parents' multifaceted problems and needs, as well as the lack of available assessment tools.
Childhood obesity in the context of lifestyle changes: case studies from pilot researchCase report
Mgr. et Mgr. Tereza Metelcová, Ph.D., Veronika Vyšatová, DiS., Linda Vlková, DiS.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(1):60-64 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.010
The development of obesity is influenced by various external factors, including diet, physical activity, sleep, and the psychosocial environment. Changes in these factors can disrupt energy balance and lead to excess fat mass. These unhealthy habits became more pronounced during the COVID-19 pandemic due to significant disruptions to normal daily routines. The aim of our pilot study was to evaluate the long-term effects of pandemic restrictions on body weight, diet, and physical activity in children aged 7-13 years who were followed at the Institute of Endocrinology. The children were monitored over a two-year period during regular visits with their...
Hidradenitis suppurativa in the pediatric population - few in number or underdiagnosed disease?Case report
MUDr. Barbara Ivanková, MBA, MUDr. Hana Juhásová, MPH, doc. MUDr. Janette Baloghová, PhD.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(1):54-59 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.009
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic immune-mediated inflamatory skin disease that occures in up to 2% of the population with an increasing incidence in children and adolescents. Although the disease is more common in adults and adolescents, the actual incidence may be underestimated due to lack of recognition. I tis manifested by formation of painful inflamed nodules and abscesses primarly in areas with the highest incidencem of apocrine sweat glands in the axillary, perigenital, perianal and submammary skin folds. The main challenge remains early diagnosis and targeted therapy, which can dramatically change the trajectory of patients, also with...
Unexpected finding in the airways of a child with cystic fibrosisCase report
MUDr. Anna Šmejkalová, doc. MUDr. Václav Koucký, Ph.D., MUDr. Jana Bartošová, MUDr. Hana Hrdinová, prof. MUDr. Jan Baxa, Ph.D., MUDr. Marcela Kreslová, Ph.D.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(1):48-51 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.008
We present a case report of an unusual cause of lower airway obstruction in a four-year-old boy with severe cystic fibrosis (CF), genotype F508del/F508del, chronically infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and dependent on percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) for long-term failure to thrive. The patient, with psychomotor delay and profound psychosocial deprivation associated with institutional care, was acutely hospitalized for vomiting, dehydration, and weight loss. Chest computed tomography revealed left lower lobe atelectasis suspicious for necrotizing pneumonia, along with significant atelectatic and infiltrative changes in the right...
Nevus araneusOrbis Pictus Medicus
prof. MUDr. Vladimír Mihál, CSc.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(1):46 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.007
The phenomenon of nonsuicidal self-injury - how can we help effectively? Part 1: Understanding nonsuicidal self-injury as a symptomReview articles
MUDr. Michaela Chmelíková
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(1):39-45
This article first explores the theoretical framework of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) (definition, classification, epidemiology, etiological factors) and then presents current findings on the behavioral manifestations of self-injurious behavior. Special emphasis is placed on conveying an understanding of the subjective experiences and needs of individuals suffering from this symptom. Understanding is shown to be a crucial factor in shaping an appropriate professional approach to the issue. The topic of NSSI is burdened by numerous myths and stigmatizing prejudices, which can either directly discourage affected individuals from seeking professional...
Complications of varicella in childrenReview articles
MUDr. Lenka Kukrálová, doc. MUDr. Dalibor Sedláček, CSc.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(1):34-38 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.006
Varicella is one of the most frequently reported infectious diseases in the Czech Republic, occurring predominantly in childhood and commonly following a benign course that does not require hospitalization. Complications primarily threaten adults, as well as patients with immunodeficiency and pregnant women. The causative agent is the varicella-zoster virus. Reactivation of latent infection due to viral persistence in sensory cranial and spinal ganglia may result in herpes zoster. Congenital transmission is rare. Today, numerous preventive measures and treatment options are available.
Spina bifida - closed formsReview articles
MUDr. Tomáš Radovnický, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Martin Sameš, CSc.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(1):27-32 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.005
Closed forms of spina bifida represent a heterogeneous group of congenital malformations of the spine and spinal cord which, unlike open defects, are covered by intact skin. Their clinical significance lies primarily in the risk of developing neurological, urological, and orthopedic impairment due to the potential development of tethered cord syndrome. Clinical diagnosis is often challenging, as symptoms may be subtle and early cutaneous stigmata can be easily overlooked. Magnetic resonance imaging remains the diagnostic method of choice for visualizing the anatomy of the dysraphism. Early identification of at-risk patients is essential, since surgical...
Recurrent urinary tract infections in adolescent girls - recommendations for practice from a gynecologist's perspectiveReview articles
MUDr. Petr Křepelka, Ph.D.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(1):21-26 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.004
Recurrent urinary tract infections (RIMCs) represent a significant medical and psychosocial health problem. Adolescence is a period in women's lives when the risk of urinary tract infection increases for various reasons discussed in the article. Understanding the etiology, treatment strategies and preventive measures is essential to improve outcomes and reduce recurrence.
Management of fever in childrenReview articles
MUDr. Hedvika Adamová, MUDr. Petra Matalová, Ph.D.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(1):17-20 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.003
Fever is a universal reaction of the organism to various insults of infectious and non-infectious etiology. It is a symptom that in common pediatric practice most often accompanies diseases of infectious origin, mainly viral and bacterial diseases. Non-infectious causes of fever include, for example, metabolic and endocrine disorders, systemic autoimmune diseases, intoxication, hematological diseases, oncological diseases and many others. Pharmacotherapy of fever in children has a number of specifics compared to adults, there are various alternative dosage forms specifically designed for pediatric patients to improve their compliance, the main thing...
Chikungunya, dengue, and West Nile virus: a growing threat to the pediatric populationReview articles
prof. RNDr. Vanda Boštíková, Ph.D., Ing. Hana Střítecká, Ph.D.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(1):13-16 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.002
Arboviruses, i. e., viruses transmitted by arthropods, represent a growing global public health problem, posing a particular risk to children. The most significant include chikungunya virus (CHIKV), dengue virus (DENV), and West Nile virus (WNV). These viruses are transmitted mainly by mosquitoes: CHIKV and DENV mainly by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes (Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus), while WNV by mosquitoes of the genus Culex. Global climate change, urbanization, and increased population mobility are enabling the spread of these arboviruses to new areas, including parts of Europe previously considered free of infection. Children...
The parents and their support in the child's psychomotor developmentReview articles
MUDr. Alice Nogolová, Ph.D.
Pediatr. praxi. 2026;27(1):8-12 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2026.001
The psychomotor development at an early age is influenced by genetic, somatic, health and psychosocial factors. The quality of maternal behavior after birth influences the child's neurobehavioral maturation. Incorrect stimulation leads to stress in the child, which can negatively affect his development. It is important to detect any developmental disorder early and determine appropriate intervention. The article defines basic developmental milestones and their deviations, and discusses options for properly educating and supporting parents caring for their child.
Recommended procedures of the Pediatric nephrology section of the Czech pediatric society for the diagnosis and treatment of thrombotic microangiopathies in childrenSupplementum
doc. MUDr. Mgr. Terezie Šuláková, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Květa Bláhová, CSc., MUDr. Jan Papež, Ph.D., MUDr. Jiří Štarha, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Tomáš Seeman, CSc., MBA
Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(Suppl.C):1-16 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.001 
Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a group of disorders triggered by endothelial injury or dysfunction. TMA is characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and ischemic organ injury due to thrombosis in microvasculature. The most often damaged organs are kidneys. TMA is observed as primary or most frequently secondary, acquired form – especially linked to shiga-toxin producing E. coli infection. Understanding of epidemiology, pathophysiology, laboratory and clinical signs and differential diagnosis is crucial for early and on-time specific diagnostic approach of this life-threatening diseases. The text below is a recommendation...
Abstrakta: 4. kongres Pediatrie pro praxi v Českých Budějovicích, 28. 2. – 1. 3. 2025, Clarion Congress Hotel České BudějoviceSupplementum
Společnost SOLEN, s. r. o., ve spolupráci s Dětským oddělením, Nemocnice České Budějovice, a. s.
Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(Suppl.B)
Abstrakta: 11. kongres Pediatrie pro praxi v Ostravě, 14.–15. února 2025, Clarion Congress Hotel OstravaSupplementum
SOLEN, s. r. o., ve spolupráci s Klinikou dětského lékařství Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava a Lékařské fakulty Ostravské univerzity
Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(Suppl.A)
Vše se mění včetně zastoupení respiračních virů kolem nás. Jak na ně?Heard at a congress
MUDr. David Salát
Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(6):416-418
The importance of maternal care through kangaroo care for premature babiesFor nurses
Mgr. Lucia Mazúchová, PhD., Mgr. Anna Šrenkelová, Bc. Katarína Pálffy, Mgr. Katarína Chromčíková, PhD.
Pediatr. praxi. 2025;26(6):411-415 | DOI: 10.36290/ped.2025.079
Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is a key strategy in the care of preterm infants. KMC has significant health benefits for the newborn and the mother. It has a positive impact on the mother-infant bond, which is important for the healthy development of the infant, and on breastfeeding, which is essential for nutrition and the immune system, as well as for physiological and psychological benefits and long-term cognitive and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants. For mothers, KMC provides important psychological support, reduces the risk of postnatal depression and strengthens their competence in caring for their baby. KMC should be promoted as a...